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The area of Cholistan Desert is 2.6 million ha. The desert measures 480km in length and between 32 and 192km in breadth. Human and livestock population in the desert is 0.1 and 2.0 million, respectively. There is no river or canal flowing through the desert area, which has a hyper-arid climate. The main land use in the area is livestock rearing. Agricultural farming is not practiced due to unavailability of irrigation water and low rainfall. More than 81% of the desert is under small and big sand dunes, while 19% consists of alluvial flats and sand hummocks. The area is affected by severe to very severe desertification due to poor vegetation cover, severe wind erosion and very severe soil salinity. The grazing of livestock is uncontrolled, so, the pastures are overgrazed. The Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources (PCRWR) has converted the severe desertified land into productive land as a model on more than 100 ha at Dingarh Cholistan through sand dune fixation and stabilization by mechanical and vegetative means. Although once desertified, the area is now under forest trees, orchard of grafted zizyphus and date palm, fodder crops and grassland grown with collected rainwater and saline groundwater. Now the area is fully secured from desertification and its micro-climate has been transformed into pleasant and friendly environment.