干旱区生态环境知识资源中心

The paper analyses firstly the condition of water-land exploitation and water-saving irrigation in Xinjiang in last 50. years. In the recent 50 years, the irrigation area has been developed from 120 X 10(4)hm(2) to 462. 69 x 10(4) hm. And the irrigation water demand increased from 160 x 10(8)m(3) to 460 X 10(8)m(3). There is 882.4 x 10(8)m(3) water of stream flow in Xinjiang. Instead of 37.8 x 10(8)m(3) water which is in high plateau and desert area, the utilizable surface water volume is 844. 6 x 10(8)m(3). In fact, it is 400 x 10(8)m(3) surface water which can supply to national economy. It is obvious that the utilizable surface water volume hadn't satisfied the need of surface water diversion of realistic diversion-water irrigation area. Therefore it is fairly severe situation of water resources utilization in Xinjiang. And so, agricultural water-saving is alternative to this problem. Taking a comprehensive view of development of agricultural irrigation in Xinjiang in last 50 years, there have surface irrigation technology and new-high water-saving technology. Through there are two kinds of irrigation technologies above-mentioned, it is difficult to realize the effect of water-saving and increasing production using the former which is engineering water-saving mode using canal anti-seepage technique. In some degree! it deprives ecological water use. The latter which is agronomic water-saving mode laying emphasis on crop growth mechanism can realize the effect of water-saving and increasing production. Buts on the other hand, it is unable to improve the soil characteristics. On the contrary, it even possible aggravates soil salinization. Therefore, both engineering water-saving and agronomic water-saving must reconsider sustainability of water-saving. Can it realize reasonable water resources allocation of the whole watershed? Can it realize sustainable utilization of water resources in the whole watershed? This paper advances a new concept of modern agricultural water-saving-sustainable water-saving which is different from real water-saving.