干旱区生态环境知识资源中心

The most obvious features of oil exploitation were progressive and regional. During its construction and operation, the construction of the oil well, roads, transportation systems and other facilities, there were some perpetual and temporary land occupation, which transferred the regional land cover. In this paper, the oil field located on the edge of Taklamakan Desert, around the Tarim River watershed in northwest of China. The disturbance effects of the oil exploitation were the main content of regional environmental managements and monitoring. The research, based on the ETM and Aster images, analyzed the change of regional ecological environmental from 2001 to 2003. The land use transformation disciplinarian in the three years was conclude out following the eight types, the water area, woodland, shrubbery, intense grassplot, degraded grass, construction land, dessert and Saline soils. By the theory of landscape ecology, the patch number, patch density, maximum patch index, edge density and patch shape index were calculated. By the comparison, it can be concluded that the ecological quality was deteriorating in these three years. The woodland was degrading to grass and dessert. The area of woodland dropped from 9.06 km(2) in 2001 to 3.24 km(2) in 2003 with a 64.23% decrease. At the same time, the area of shrubbery lessened 18.23%. On the other hand, the whole area of dessert and Saline soils inflated from 15.08km(2) in 2001 to 25.36km(2) in 2003. The patch number of bare land did climb dramatically, but the area of single patch increased. The research demonstrated that dessert and Saline soils patches were activated by the human behavior and climate change. The information from the ETM and Aster images was proved be an effective and efficient way to be applied in regional environmental managements.