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Aerosol optical properties are retrieved from measurements acquired during the 2003 summer at the new AERONET station of Evora, Portugal, with a sun/sky photometer, a fluxmeter and a nephelometer. Aerosol optical thickness (aot) derived at several wavelengths shows that an exceptionally long turbid event occurred in July-August. Desert dust particles transported from North Africa increased aot at 873 nm (aot873) to the value of 0.27 with an Angstrom exponent a(c)=0.5. Emissions from forest fires in The lberic peninsula affected Evora since the end of the dust episode, with aot441 reaching 0.81 and a(c)=1.8. The aerosol scattering coefficient measured at surface level shows that desert dust does not reach the surface level at Evora while the forest fire emissions were uniformly distributed over the atmospheric column. Sky-radiance and flux measurements agree in retrieval of the aerosol single scattering albedo (assa) at several wavelengths. A large absorption rate is found with a high spectral dependence for desert dust particles (assa441=0.86 and ass873=0.93) and with a flat spectral dependence during the forest fires emission episode (assa441=0.88 and assa873=0.87). All measurements as well as back-trajectory calculations indicate mixture of particles during the desert dust.