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Five leguminous crops, alfalfa (Medicago sativa), fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum), cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), field pea (Pisum sativum), and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) were grown, each for two cropping seasons, at El-Rawakeeb Desert Research. Station located 45 Kin west of Khartoum during the years 1994/97. Crops were Rhizobium-inoculated, non-inoculated or N-fertilized (5 0 Kg N/ha). Inoculation with a compatible strain of Rhizobia was found to enhance nodulation, dry weights of nodules and aboveground parts, nitrogen fixation, and yield of all tested plants significantly exceed those of common bean. It was concluded that productivity of leguminous crops in dry lands could be improved by Rhizobium inoculation and the inoculated legumes serve as a good tool for building up soil nitrogen and restoration of soil fertility in such areas.