Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
DOI | 10.1016/S0341-8162(96)00035-5 |
Soils in the Mediterranean region: What makes them different? | |
Yaalon, DH | |
通讯作者 | Yaalon, DH |
会议名称 | International Red Mediterranean Soils Meeting |
会议日期 | MAY 09-14, 1993 |
会议地点 | ADANA, TURKEY |
英文摘要 | Mediterranean climates are characterized by winter rains - with some months of excess rainfall over evatranspiration, warm and dry summer months with moisture deficits - drying out soils and their annual vegetation (xeric moisture regime). They are found on western parts of all continents, between the cooler temperature zone and the hot dry desert zone. The largest Mediterranean region, surrounding the Mediterranean Sea extends over 4,300,000 km(2) and exhibits a wide variety of soils and geo-ecosystems. Characteristic landscape attributes are the high proportion of mountains with steep slopes, significant additions of Saharan desert dust to practically all soils of the region, and a large proportion of limestone and other calcareous rocks as soil parent materials. Characteristic soil behavior features are moderate weathering with pervection (leaching, lessivage) of mostly 2:1 clays into B horizons (Xeralfs; Luvisols), hematite-induced reddening of the clays due to summer dehydration of free iron oxyhydroxides, carbonate dissolution and reprecipitation with prevalence of calcic horizons (Xerolls; Calcisols) in semiarid regions, and development of Vertisols, mostly in lowlands, where deep layers of swelling/cracking clays have sedimented. Shallow soils on nearly bare slopes, mostly a result of erosion subsequent to deforestation, are frequent (Leptosols, Cambisols; Inceptisols, Entisols). Red (or Brown) Mediterranean soils are no longer used as a separate classification group in modem, well defined, soil property-controlled taxonomies (Soil Taxonomy; FAO system), but were partially replaced by Duchaufour's term Fersiallitic soils in some classification systems. Terra Rossa continues to be used in some classification for hard limestone derived red soils, mostly shallow. The effects of man's past and current interference with the landscape are pervasive in most regions, and predictions for possible future effects on the soils and ecosystems, due to greenhouse gas induced warming and rainfall change, are partly negative, partly still too uncertain. |
英文关键词 | Mediterranean soils xeric moisture regime dust accretion clay illuviation reddening (rubefication) soil carbonate dynamics catenary differentiation environmental history global change soil classification |
来源出版物 | CATENA |
ISSN | 0341-8162 |
出版年 | 1997 |
卷号 | 28 |
期号 | 3-4 |
页码 | 157-169 |
出版者 | ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV |
类型 | Article;Proceedings Paper |
语种 | 英语 |
收录类别 | CPCI-S ; SCI-E |
WOS记录号 | WOS:A1997WJ10700002 |
WOS关键词 | DUST ; VEGETATION ; CLIMATE |
WOS类目 | Geosciences, Multidisciplinary ; Soil Science ; Water Resources |
WOS研究方向 | Geology ; Agriculture ; Water Resources |
资源类型 | 会议论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/291777 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Yaalon, DH. Soils in the Mediterranean region: What makes them different?[C]:ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV,1997:157-169. |
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