Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
DOI | 10.1139/e17-121 |
Drag and shear stress partitioning in sparse desert creosote communities | |
Wyatt, VE; Nickling, WG | |
会议名称 | Special Session on Eolian Processes and Environments, at the 1996 Annual Meeting of the Canadian-Association-of-Geographers |
会议日期 | 1996 |
会议地点 | SASKATOON, CANADA |
英文摘要 | Most research to characterize the wind-erosion susceptibility and the degree of surface roughness required to suppress erosion on erodible surfaces has been empirical. However, a recently proposed shear velocity ratio model attempts to place shear stress partitioning in an entirely theoretical framework. The purpose of this study was to directly measure components of shear stress in a sparsely vegetated environment in order to evaluate the model. Far the field study, new instrumentation was developed to measure drag on a creosote shrub, and Irwin sensors were modified to measure surface shear stress in the field. Simultaneous measurements of total shear stress and surface shear stress were taken at four sites of different roughness densities, in the Eldorado Valley, Nevada. Results indicate that porous shrubs had greater drag coefficients (C-d = 0.485) than did solid elements (sphere C-d = 0.3) and are more effective at protecting a surface. Values of beta, the ratio of element to surface drag coefficients, were therefore higher than previously published values. Surface and total shear stress scaled consistently with each other at a range of wind speeds, and varied according to the roughness density of the surface, Shear stress partitioning values agreed well with previously published field data and some wind-tunnel data. The theoretical model predicted the results successfully when m = 0.16, where m is an empirical constant that accounts Cor the difference in average stress and the maximum surface stress in initiating erosion. The wide applicability of the model is likely due to the inclusion of the adjustable m, which accommodates all values of beta and sigma (ratio of roughness element basal area to frontal area). |
来源出版物 | CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES |
ISSN | 0008-4077 |
EISSN | 1480-3313 |
出版年 | 1997 |
卷号 | 34 |
期号 | 11 |
页码 | 1486-1498 |
出版者 | CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS |
类型 | Article;Proceedings Paper |
语种 | 英语 |
国家 | CANADA |
收录类别 | SCI-E ; CPCI-S |
WOS记录号 | WOS:A1997YL37300007 |
WOS关键词 | WIND EROSION ; ROUGHNESS ELEMENTS ; SURFACES ; VEGETATION ; FLOW ; THRESHOLD ; CANOPIES ; TUNNEL |
WOS类目 | Geosciences, Multidisciplinary |
WOS研究方向 | Geology |
资源类型 | 会议论文 |
条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/291774 |
作者单位 | (1)UNIV GUELPH, DEPT GEOG, GUELPH, ON N1G 2W1, CANADA |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Wyatt, VE,Nickling, WG. Drag and shear stress partitioning in sparse desert creosote communities[C]:CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS,1997:1486-1498. |
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