Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 盐旱交互胁迫对醉鱼草、桃叶卫矛生长和生理生化特性的影响 | |
| 其他题名 | Effects of Salt and Drought Stress on the Growth and Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Buddleja alternifolia Maxim and Euonymus bungeanus |
| 王利界 | |
| 出版年 | 2018 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 周智彬 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 塔克拉玛干沙漠是世界第二大流动性沙漠，也是我国重要的天然气和石油储备基地。塔中四号油田基地位于沙漠腹地，该地区风沙活动强烈，环境条件极其恶劣，严重影响油田正常的作业和工人的身体健康。修建风沙防护林和扩大作业区植物绿化面积是降低油田生产风险和改善作业区生活环境的重要手段之一。植物的适应性研究是油田防护林生态工程建设中植物的筛选和引种的基础工作。本研究位于塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中植物园内，依据塔克拉玛干沙漠植物园已有的植物灌溉制度，通过田间人工控制试验、室内分析和统计分析，开展了主要引种物种对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地生存环境适应性的研究。研究重点为：不同盐浓度灌溉下引种植物生长和生理变化，引种植物应对干旱和盐胁迫的防御机制，所得到的主要结论如下： （1）在干旱、盐及交互作用的不同胁迫处理下醉鱼草、桃叶卫矛的成活率有所不同，醉鱼草平均成活率达到了78.86%，而桃叶卫矛平均成活率只有46.86%。当盐浓度大于11g/L时，不同灌水量处理下幼苗成活率都出现下降，醉鱼草在盐浓度17g/L下幼苗有部分可以生存，桃叶卫矛在重度盐胁迫下几乎不能生存。 （2）醉鱼草干、鲜重生物量在干旱、盐及交互胁迫下表现出先增加后减少的趋势，单一胁迫下，两种因子均对生物量有显著影响，在交互胁迫下只有盐胁迫对幼苗生物量有显著影响。桃叶卫矛干、鲜重生物量在干旱、盐及交互胁迫下表现出不断下降趋势，在单一胁迫时，盐胁迫对幼苗的干，鲜重生物量均有显著影响。 （3）醉鱼草幼苗株高、标定枝长和基径在干旱、盐及交互胁迫下呈现随着胁迫的加重，生长抑制更加明显，株高和基径增长量在盐浓度5g/L下出现上升，随后不断下降，在重度胁迫下各指标的生长情况均差于其他处理。桃叶卫矛幼苗株高、标定枝长和基径在干旱、盐及交互胁迫下随着干旱胁迫的加重，各指标增长量均不断减少，交互胁迫下在盐浓度大于11g/L时，处理间各灌水量下的增长量变化不大。 （4）醉鱼草幼苗叶片抗氧化酶SOD、POD和CAT活性在干旱胁迫下表现出随着灌水量的减少，活性逐渐增加的趋势。而盐胁迫下，随着胁迫程度的加重，酶活性表现出先增加后减少再增加的趋势。桃叶卫矛幼苗叶片抗氧化酶SOD、POD和CAT活性，在干旱胁迫时变化与醉鱼草相似，同样表现出逐渐升高的趋势。盐胁迫时呈先增加后减少现象，SOD和CAT活性在盐浓度13g/L下达到最大值，随后不断下降。 （5）在干旱、盐及交互作用的不同胁迫处理下，醉鱼草MDA含量在胁迫不断加重处理下表现出先降低再升高的趋势。桃叶卫矛叶片MDA含量在干旱胁迫灌水量30L时出现最小值，最低点与醉鱼草出现的位置不同，桃叶卫矛表现出对干旱胁迫更敏感的反应。盐旱交互胁迫下叶片MDA含量呈先下降后上升的趋势，与相同处理下抗氧化酶活性呈现负相关关系。 （6）盐胁迫对醉鱼草和桃叶卫矛的影响显著大于干旱胁迫，醉鱼草在盐浓度小于13g/L，灌水量20L以上生长良好；桃叶卫矛在盐浓度小于11g/L，灌水量20L以上生长良好。 |
| 英文摘要 | The Taklimakan Desert is the second largest mobile desert in the world and is also an important oil and natural gas reserve base in China. The Tazhong No. 4 oil field base is located in the desert hinterland. It has strong wind and sand activity and extremely harsh environmental conditions, which seriously affect the operation of oil fields and the health of workers. The construction of wind-sand shelter forests and the expansion of green areas in operation areas are important means for reducing the production risks of oil fields and improving the living environment in the working areas. The adaptability research of plants is the basic work for the screening and introduction of plants in the construction of oilfield protection forest ecological projects. This study is located in the Tazhong Botanical Garden in the hinterland of the Taklamakan Desert. Based on the existing irrigation system of the Taklamakan Desert Botanical Garden, the field introduced the main introduced species to study the adaptability of the living environment in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert through field manual control experiments, indoor analysis and statistical analysis. The research focuses are: Introduction of plant growth and physiological changes under irrigation at different salt concentrations, introduction of plant defense mechanisms against drought and salt stress, and the main conclusions obtained are as follows: (1) The survival rate of Buddleja alternifolia Maxim and Euonymus citrifolia under different stresses of drought, salt, and interaction were different. The average survival rate of Buddleja alternifolia Maxim was up to 78.86%, while the average survival rate of Euonymus argus was only 46.86%. When the salt concentration was greater than 11g/L, the survival rate of seedlings decreased under different irrigation treatments. Some of the seedlings could survive under the salt concentration of 17g/L. The Euonymus pulcherrima survived under severe salt stress. (2) The dry and fresh weight biomass of Buddleja edulis showed a tendency of increasing first and then decreasing under drought stress, salt stress and interaction stress. Under single stress, both factors had significant effects on biomass, and only salt stress under interactive stress. There is a significant effect on seedling biomass. The dry and fresh weight biomass of Euonymus aurantiacus showed a declining trend under drought stress, salt stress, and interaction stress. Under a single stress, salt stress had a significant effect on the biomass of stem and fresh weight of seedlings. (3) Plant height, branch length, and base diameter of Buddleja alternifolia Maxim seedlings showed more pronounced growth inhibition with drought stress, salt stress, and interactive stress, and increased plant height and base diameter at salt concentration of 5 g/L. There was a rise, followed by a continuous decline, and the growth of the indicators under severe stress was worse than other treatments. The plant height, the target shoot length and the base diameter of Euonymus ulmaria seedlings under drought stress, salt stress, and interactive stress were all increased with the increase of drought stress, and the increase amount of each index was continuously decreased. When the salt concentration was greater than 11g/L under the interaction stress, the treatment rooms were different. The amount of increase in irrigation volume did not change much. (4) The activities of SOD, POD and CAT in the leaves of Buddleja alternifolia Maxim seedlings showed a tendency of increasing with the decrease of irrigation volume under drought stress. Under salt stress, with the increase of the degree of stress, the activity of the enzyme showed a trend of increasing first, then decreasing and then increasing. The activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD, POD, and CAT in leaves of Euonymus ulmoides seedlings were similar to those of Buddleja lanceolata under drought stress, and they also showed a gradual increase. Under salt stress, it increased first and then decreased significantly. The activities of SOD and CAT reached a maximum at a salt concentration of 13 g/L and then decreased continuously. (5) The MDA content of Buddleja alternifolia Maxim under the treatment of drought, salt and interaction showed a tendency of decreasing and then increasing under increasing stress. The MDA content in leaves of Euonymus arborescens showed a minimum at the irrigation stress of 30 L under drought stress, and the lowest point was different from the location of Buddleja turfgrass. The Euonymus pulcherrima showed a more sensitive response to drought stress. Under salt and drought stress, the content of MDA decreased firstly and then increased, and showed a negative correlation with the activity of antioxidant enzymes under the same treatment.（6）The effect of salt stress on Buddleja turfgrass and Euonymus cinnamomea was significantly greater than that of drought stress. Buddleja sphaerocephala grew well in salt concentration less than 13g/L and the irrigation amount was more than 20L. Euonymus mirifica grew well in the salt concentration of less than 11g/L and irrigation amount of 20L or more. |
| 中文关键词 | 醉鱼草 ; 桃叶卫矛 ; 干旱 ; 盐胁迫 ; 生理生化 |
| 英文关键词 | Buddleja alternifolia Maxim Euonymus fortune drought salt stress physiological and biochemical changes |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 生态学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/288185 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王利界. 盐旱交互胁迫对醉鱼草、桃叶卫矛生长和生理生化特性的影响[D]. 中国科学院大学,2018. |
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