Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 基于论文产出的科研人员学术生命周期研究 ----以中国科学院资源环境科学领域科研人员为例 | |
| 其他题名 | Research on the Academic Life Cycle of Researchers Based on the Output of Research Papers: Taking the Researchers from Resources and Environment Field of Chinese Academy of Sciences for Example |
| 赵越 | |
| 出版年 | 2018 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 肖桃仙 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 知识经济时代，知识的创造和积累对于科技的进步以及社会发展起着至关重要的作用。而作为知识经济时代的代表性群体，科研工作者是知识创造和积累的主要担当者，科研工作者的知识创造与经济发展息息相关。在科研人才的培养、成长乃至其学术活动已被纳入专业化与体制化轨道的今天，科研人才职业发展的周期与年龄的不同阶段间越来越存在相关性甚至耦合性。研究科研人员的学术生命周期特征及规律，一方面关系到我们对科研人员学术生涯发展规律和特征的理解，另一方面涉及到诸多学术制度与政策设计依据的合理性。不但可以发现人才的成长规律，而且还能量化个人学术生涯过程中的学术表现，从而为发现可能的人才成长规律提供实证依据，同时为制定人才培养、引进政策提供参考，因此具有重要意义。本研究主要探讨科研人员的学术生命周期过程中论文产出随生理年龄的变化情况以及出现这些情况的原因。一方面，对于科研工作者来说，研究的结果对于他们的科研生涯规划具有一定的参考价值，可以帮助他们找到自己的定位，同时找到继续努力的方向；另一方面，对于科研单位和机构甚至国家来说，研究所得的结果在辅助制定人才培养、引进、资助计划决策方面具有重要的现实和指导意义。本文的主要研究内容包括以下几个方面：首先，对学术生命周期研究现状进行剖析，分析学术生命周期各阶段特点，对已有学术生命周期影响因素分类分析，发现现有研究存在的不足及疏漏，进而提出可改进方向及下一步的研究重点。调研发现目前存在的问题有：偏定性研究，定量研究甚少；仅考虑长期的、单一的影响因素；忽略了学科间的差异性；样本选择方面存在偏差和局限性。未来研究展望：通过定性、定量方法相融合和具体的数据分析得到科研工作者成长规律，同时考虑学科及科研群体本身的差异性，为科研工作者学术生涯规划提供参考，为国家和机构制定人才政策提供辅助。然后，详细论述论文的数据来源、指标的选取、基础数据集构建过程及数据处理方法。选择中国科学院资源环境类研究所中具有代表性的两个研究所：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所和中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所。考虑到学术生命周期完整性的因素，选取样本研究所中50岁及以上的科研工作者作为数据来源，构建个人特征数据集和论文产出数据集。数据处理方法中，重点描述了应对机构识别、作者身份识别和合著等问题的处理方法。第三，对已有模型进行总结归纳，现有模型有无峰分布模型、单峰分布模型、双峰分布模型和多峰分布模型四种。基于对已有模型的调研，并根据第三章采集的数据绘制样本科研工作者的科研产出生命周期图形，进而根据图形规律进行影响因素的分析，构建中国科学院资源环境领域科研工作者学术生命周期模型。第四，实证分析。同样选择中国科学院资源环境类研究所中具有代表性的两个研究所：中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所和中国科学院大气物理研究所。选择50岁及以上的科研工作者作为实证数据来源。验证所构建模型的准确性并对模型做出调整。最后，在总结本文总体研究的基础上，提出科技人才政策的建议。一方面，针对科研工作者学术生命周期给出了各阶段的建议。另一方面，针对国家、科研单位和机构制定人才战略计划的建议如下：1.人才识别。完善科技人才选拔举荐机制，培养青年科研工作者承担科技任务的能力，增加培养扶持青年科研工作者的经费投入，在重大科研项目的选拔或者奖励的分配中重视青年科研工作者的比例。2.人才培养。注重建立良好的科研环境，重视科研工作者的主体性地位，建立长效的、公正的激励机制，建立灵活的退休制度。3.人才引进。吸引、鼓励国际一流的科研人员来华学习工作。4.人才资助。要根据中国国情明确科研资助动机，在人才评价时坚持用多种方式进行评价，不能仅局限于传统的文献计量指标。论文共包括图19幅，表11张，公式3个，附录3个。 |
| 英文摘要 | In the era of knowledge economy, the creation and accumulation of knowledge play an important role in the progress of science and technology and the development of society. As a representative group in the era of knowledge economy, researchers are the main undertaker of knowledge creation and accumulation, and knowledge creation of scientific researchers is closely related to economic development. Today, the training, growing and academic activities of scientific researchers have been incorporated into the professional and institutional track, different stages of growing period and age occupation development and scientific research personnel of the existing correlation and coupling. Research on the academic life cycle characteristics and rules of scientific research personnel, on the one hand helping us in understanding of the scientific research personnel career development rules and characteristics, on the other hand, it is related to the rationality of the design is based on many academic system and policy. Not only can find the law of the growth of talent, academic performance but also the quantification of individual academic career in the process, so as to provide empirical basis for finding talent growth of possible, at the same time for the development of personnel training, to provide the reference introduction policy. So it is of great significance.The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of output with physiological age and the reasons for the occurrence of these academic life cycles. On the one hand, for scientific researchers, the results have certain reference value for their career planning, to help them find their own position, and find the direction of efforts; on the other hand, for scientific research units and institutions and even the country to say, the results can help on personnel training, introduction, auxiliary scheme decision. It has realistic and important guiding significance.In this paper, the research work mainly includes the following aspects:First of all, by analyzing the research status of the academic life cycle, this paper analyzes problems and omissions in the current research, and puts forward the improvement direction and research points. Research found that the current problems are: First, the current research takes the qualitative analysis, lacking enough quantitative analysis. Second, it only takes the long term and single factor into consideration. Third, the current research ignores the difference among subjects. Last, there are bias and limitations during the sample selecting. This paper offers advice for the country, institutes and researchers by getting the law of researchers’ career, which comes from the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods with data analyses with the consideration of the difference of disciplines and the scientific research group.Then, the data source, index selection, basic data set construction process and data processing method are discussed in detail. Two representative institutes of resources and environment field of Chinese Academy of Sciences were selected: Institute of Geographic Sciences and natural resources research, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of sciences. In view of the factors of the integrity of academic life cycle, a sample of researchers aged 50 and above was selected as the data source to construct personal data sets and output data sets. In the data processing method, the method of dealing with the problems of institutes identification, author identification and co-authorship are described.Third, the existing models are summarized. There are four types of models: non peak distribution model, bimodal distribution model and multimodal distribution model. Based on the existing models and according to the data from third chapter, draw the graph of the scientific research output life cycle of the sample researcher. Based on the analysis of the influence factors of graph rules, the academic life cycle model of researchers in the field of resources and environment in Chinese Academy of Sciences was constructed.Fourth, start the empirical analysis. Similarly, two representative institutes in the field of resources and environment of CAS are selected: Institute of cold and Arid Regions Environment and engineering of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences. Select researchers aged 50 and above as empirical data sources. Verify the accuracy of the built model and make adjustments to the model.Last, on the basis of summing up the overall research, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the policy of scientific and technological personnel. On the one hand, this paper gave the suggestions for the academic career of scientific research workers. On the other hand, suggestions for national, scientific research institutions and institutions to formulate talent strategy plans are as follows:19 figures, 11 tables, 3 equations, 3 appendices are included. |
| 中文关键词 | 学术生命周期 ; 人才政策 ; 资源环境领域 ; 论文产出 ; 合著贡献 |
| 英文关键词 | Academic Life Cycle， Talent policy， Resources and Environment Field，Output of Research Papers， Co-author Contribution |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 情报学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院文献情报中心 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/288046 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 赵越. 基于论文产出的科研人员学术生命周期研究 ----以中国科学院资源环境科学领域科研人员为例[D]. 中国科学院大学,2018. |
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