Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 热带森林碳汇强度变化及其气候响应的对比分析 | |
| 其他题名 | Comparative Analysis of Carbon Sequestration's Variation and Its Climate Response in Tropical Forest |
| 尹思阳 | |
| 出版年 | 2017 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 吴世新 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 热带森林是全球碳循环的重要组成部分，其碳汇作用受到全球变化的影响并对其产生反馈，研究分析热带森林碳汇强度的时空变化及其气候响应，对理解热带森林与气候变化的相互作用关系、进一步认识全球热带森林碳汇变化机制具有重要意义。已有不少研究对热带森林与气候变化的相互作用进行了分析与探索，但仍缺少较系统的区域对比分析，以及热带森林碳汇强度空间分布格局特点的有关分析。基于上述问题，本文的主要研究内容和结论包括： （1）研究发现，2001-2013年亚马逊研究区西部及东南亚地区碳汇强度明显减弱，刚果盆地南部碳汇强度明显增加。通过利用时序分析和景观格局分析方法对全球热带森林碳汇强度的时空变化特征进行了研究，具体研究结果为，单位面积NPP高于1800 gC/m2的森林主要分布在亚马逊平原西部安第斯山脉东侧和马达加斯加岛东部地区；NPP低于600 gC/m2的森林主要分布在亚马逊流域研究区西南部、非洲上几内亚高原西部及印度半岛地区。2001-2013年间热带森林总NPP整体呈下降趋势，在2004年总NPP最高（约16.13 PgC），2005年最低（约14.83 PgC），在2006-2007和2009-2010年显著减少，2010年以后呈增加趋势。NPP减少较剧烈（<-20 gC/(m2?a)）的森林主要分布在亚马逊研究区西部和东南亚研究区中部，NPP增加较显著（>20 gC/(m2?a)）的森林主要分布在刚果盆地南部地区。 （2）时空分析结果显示，亚马逊研究区碳汇强度较高且稳定，东南亚研究区较低且不稳定；亚马逊研究区碳汇强度受温度影响较大，刚果河研究区受树木覆盖率影响较大，东南亚研究区受PAR影响较大。通过利用单因子相关分析和多因子偏相关分析方法，对三大热带森林分布区森林碳汇强度及其影响因子进行了对比，具体结果为，亚马逊研究区森林单位面积NPP和总NPP均为最高，刚果河研究区总NPP最低，东南亚研究区单位面积NPP最低。由景观格局分析得到，亚马逊研究区NPP斑块聚集度高，森林稳定性好；东南亚研究区NPP斑块破碎度高，森林稳定性差。亚马逊研究区整体温度较高，NPP变化受树木覆盖率及气候因子影响均较小，主要森林分布区NPP与温度和PAR呈负相关。刚果河研究区温度较低、PAR较高，森林NPP整体受树木覆盖率影响较大，与温度和PAR呈正相关。东南亚研究区降水较多，较为湿润，森林NPP与降水呈负相关，与PAR呈正相关，受气候因子影响显著。 （3）2001-2013年间，东南亚地区11国森林碳汇强度明显减弱，树木覆盖率变化较小，不同国家碳汇强度变化及影响因子存在差异，其中热带干旱区国家受到温度影响较大，热带湿润区国家受PAR影响较大。综合利用时间序列分析及相关性分析方法，对比分析了东南亚11国，包括5个热带湿润气候区国家和6个热带干旱气候区国家的森林碳汇强度时空变化及其影响因子，具体结果为，东南亚大部分国家树木覆盖率变化不大而NPP呈减少趋势，热带湿润气候区NPP减少更为明显。根据NPP大小和变化趋势可将11国森林分为NPP高且波动（缅甸、越南、老挝），NPP低且波动（泰国、柬埔寨），NPP在05-08年陡降（马来西亚、文莱、新家坡）和NPP缓慢下降（印度尼西亚、菲律宾、东帝汶）4种类型，其中第Ⅲ类气候响应最为敏感，第Ⅳ类对树木覆盖率变化响应敏感。热带干旱区国家森林NPP受到温度的主导作用较强，热带湿润区国家受PAR的主导作用较强。 |
| 英文摘要 | Tropical forest is an important part of the global carbon cycle, and its carbon sink effect is affected by global change as well as gives feedback to it. Studying temporal and spatial variation of carbon sinks and their climatic responses of tropical forests not only can help us to further understand the relationship between tropical forest and climate change but also can broaden our knowledge of the mechanism of carbon sequestration in global tropical forests. Many studies have analyzed and explored the interaction between tropical forests and climate change, but there is still a lack of systematic regional comparative analysis of forest changes and its climate response as well as the analysis about the spatial distribution pattern of tropical forest carbon sequestration. Based on these problems, the main contents and conclusions of this thesis are as follows: (1) The results show that the carbon sink in the western Amazon basin study area and Southeast Asian study area is significantly weakened from 2001 to 2013, while the carbon sink in the southern Congo basin study area is significantly increased. The temporal and spatial characteristics of carbon sequestration in tropical forests were studied by using time series analysis and landscape pattern analysis. Specifically, the results showed that forests with NPP unit area higher than 1800 gC/m2 are mainly distributed in the eastern side of the Andes and east of Madagascar; forests with NPP less than 600 gC/m2 are mainly distributed in the southwest of the Amazon basin study area, Africa Guinea highlands and the western Indian Peninsula. The total NPP of tropical forest was declining during the period from 2001 to 2013, with the highest in 2004 (about 16.13 PgC), the lowest in 2005 (about 14.83 PgC). There are significant reductions of total NPP in 2006-2007 and 2009-2010, and the total NPP shows an increasing trend since 2010. Forests with a more severe reduction of NPP (<-20 gC/(m2?a)) are mainly distributed in the western central Amazon basin study area and Southeast Asia study area; forests with a more significant increase of NPP are mainly (>20 gC/(m2?a)) distributed in the southern part of the Congo basin. (2) The results of temporal and spatial analysis show that the carbon sink is higher and stable in the Amazon study area, and the Southeast Asian is lower and unstable. The carbon sink in the Amazon study area is mainly influenced by temperature, the Congo study area is largely affected by tree cover while the Southeast Asia is mostly influenced by PAR. Based on single factor correlation analysis and multi-factor partial correlation analysis, the forest carbon sequestration intensity and its influencing factors were compared in the three tropical forest areas. The results show that the Amazon forest has the higest NPP per unit area and the total NPP; the Congo study area has the lowest total NPP; and the Southeast Asia has the lowest NPP per unit area. From the landscape pattern analysis, the NPP patches in the Amazon study area have a higher degree of aggregation and better forest stability; NPP patches in the Southeast Asian study area have a higher degree of fragmentation and poor forest stability. NPP changes in the Amazon study area were less affected by tree coverage and climatic factors, and the NPP was negatively correlated with temperature and PAR in the main forest distribution area. The Congo study area has a lower temperature and a higher PAR level. The change of NPP in this area was greatly affected by tree cover and positively correlated to temperature and PAR. Southeast Asia study area has high precipitation and humid climate. Forest NPP in this study area is negatively correlated with precipitation, positively correlated with PAR, and significantly affected by climate factors. (3) From 2001 to 2013, the forest carbon sequestration in 11 countries in Southeast Asia was significantly weakened, and the change of tree coverage was small. The changes of carbon sink and the influencing factors were different in different countries. The tropical arid regions were mainly affected by temperature, while the tropical wet regions mostly influenced by PAR. Based on the time series analysis and correlation analysis method, the temporal and spatial changes of forest carbon sequestration and its influencing factors of 11 countries, including five tropical humid climate zone countries and six tropical dry climate zone countries, in Southeast Asia from 2001 to 2013 were compared and analyzed. The results show that there is little change of tree coverage in most countries of Southeast Asia while the NPP shows a decreasing trend and the tropical wet regions have a relatively obvious reduction of NPP. According to the distribution and trend of NPP, the 11 countries can be divided into 4 groups: high NPP with fluctuating, low NPP with fluctuating, NPP with steep drop from 2005 to 2008 and NPP with soft drop from 2001 to 2013. NPP in the third group is most sensitive to climate response and NPP in the fourth group is sensitive to TC change. Tropical monsoon forest NPP is dominated by temperature, and tropical rain forest NPP is dominated by PAR. |
| 中文关键词 | 热带森林 ; NPP ; 全球变化 ; 区域对比分析 |
| 英文关键词 | Tropical forest NPP Global change Regional comparative analysis |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 测绘工程 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/288030 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 尹思阳. 热带森林碳汇强度变化及其气候响应的对比分析[D]. 中国科学院大学,2017. |
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