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| 利用遥感指数监测干旱的时空敏感性与适用性对比研究 | |
| 其他题名 | A Study on Spatio - temporal Sensitivity and Applicability of Drought Monitoring by Remote Sensing Indices |
| 焦文哲 | |
| 出版年 | 2017 |
| 学位类型 | 博士 |
| 导师 | 王晋年 ; 张立福 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 摘 要干旱被认为是自然灾害中最复杂但是了解的最少的现象之一，并且对经常对给人类带来严峻的社会、经济和环境问题。随着干旱发生的频率和影响，国际上对干旱研究热度也越来越大。随着遥感技术的应用和发展，许多科学家建立了不同类型、不同特点的基于遥感技术的干旱监测指数。然而随着如此多指数的建立，这些指数有不同的数据要求，利用不同的方法量化干旱，每个都有自己的特点，不同指数也适用于不同的情况。遥感干旱监测指数的灵敏度可能受特定环境条件的影响。研究各个干旱指数的敏感性和适用性不仅可以帮助我们更好地了解干旱事件，全面分析干旱指数，而且可以帮助我们更好地分析干旱指数建立机理，建立更高精度的遥感干旱指数。验证对比各种已经建立的干旱指数具有十分的重要性。另外，随着各种各样干旱指数的建立，怎么样在繁琐的干旱监测信息中找到简单有效的遥感信息，建立简单易行的干旱监测指数势在必行。针对上述问题，本文以美国大陆地区不同气候子区域为研究区域，分析来自不同遥感数据源的，不同方法建立的干旱指数监测干旱的敏感性及适用性。并尝试得出不同干旱指数在不同气候条件下的干旱监测效果对比结果，同时分析一些基于简单数据输入的指数监测干旱的适用性。基于以上思路，本文的主要研究成果和结论如下：（1） 利用多种干旱指数研究美国大陆在2011年和2012年的干旱现象。遥感干旱指数和站点的干旱指数差异很大，而CCI与基于指数的SCI的相关性更强。干旱指数比较能够监测2011年7月和2012年7月在整个国家的主要干旱事件。CCI显示的干旱情况的区域比USDM数据更大。基于VUA的SMCI与基于站点的干旱指数的相关性大于基于NSIDC的SMCI，基于MODIS的TCI与基于站点的干旱指数的相关性高于基于VUA的TCI。为了比较不同气候划子区域的干旱指数，作为短时间尺度干旱指数，PCI是一个不错的选择，因为它与基于站点的指数更相关。 VCI是监测潮湿地区干旱的一个不好的选择，因为它可能受大气变化的强烈影响。然而，对于低纬度，半干旱气候，VCI比其他方法更可靠。在监测沙漠环境时应避免TCI，在密集植被覆盖的地区应避免使用SMCI。所研究的综合干旱指数在它们之间几乎没有变化，并且经验加权被证明是综合多个单一指数的合适方法。与VegDRI相比，综合干旱指数与单一指数相比有所改善。综合指数的未来发展可以侧重于基于气候的经验加权。（2） 基于VIUPD的植被状况指数（VCI）在美国大陆的干旱监测验证。基于VIUPD的VCI与生长季节的不同子时间段和更大数量的气候子区域中的站点干旱指数具有最强的相关性，其具有比基于NDVI的VCI更高的r值。这表明VIUPD具有监测不同环境中的干旱情况的潜力。与其他单一的遥感干旱指数（TCI，PCI和SMCI）相比，基于VIUPD的VCI更适合于长时间尺度干旱监测，如农业干旱，因为它与SPI-6有更强的相关性，SPI-9，SPI-12，SPI-24和PDSI。 基于VIUPD的VCI还可以克服SMCI的一些缺陷，用于在具有高密度植被覆盖的区域中的短时间尺度干旱监测。由于VIUPD可以利用来自所有观测波段的信息，所以基于VIUPD的VCI可以被视为增强型VCI。 基于VIUPD的VCI被推荐作为在CONUS温暖地区长时间尺度干旱的最佳基于遥感的单一干旱指数。（3） 遥感荧光数据干旱监测的敏感性分析。在对比基于遥感数据的干旱指数与基于站点的干旱指数的一致性空间分布对比上，并不是空间分辨率越高的SIF数据就能和站点的一致性更好,总体来讲SIF*数据没有表现出比SIF数据监测干旱表现有所提高。SIF数据和SIF*数据在与基于站点的干旱监测情况的相关性与基于MODIS数据的VCI数据的表现尚存在一定的差距。SIF*数据虽然融合了GOME-2的SIF和MYD13C2，MOD16A2和MYD11C3数据，但在与基于站点的干旱指数监测的干旱情况的一致性方面，其表现没有得到显著的提高。（4） 基于MODIS数据的BVI指数对2011和2012年干旱情况的响应分析。从总体的表现来讲，NDVI在全年的变化中比BVI在全年的变化幅度相对较弱，同时从对比分析可以得出，BVI能在一定程度上响应干旱事件的发生，干旱发生时BVI的值会减小。有些时候BVI的变化趋势也会跟干旱情况发生的趋势出现不一致的情况，但是从整体来讲，BVI随干旱情况发生的变化比NDVI的变化更为活跃。关键词：干旱监测，遥感，适用性，对比分析 |
| 英文摘要 | AbstractDrought is considered to be one of the most complex, yet least understood, natural hazards, and is the cause of considerable environmental, societal, and economic problems. International interest in droughts has increased in recent decades due to their frequency and to resulting losses. Numerous remote sensing based drought indices have been developed to monitor drought conditions, as the development of the remote sensing technology. However, different drought indices have differing characteristics, and are suitable for specific environments. Studying the sensitivities and uncertainties of various drought indices can not only help us better understand the drought phenomenon, but also help us better understand the mechanism of establishing more reliable drought monitoring indices. What is more, the aim of most efforts is to establish drought indices with simple input data, and requiring only simple calculations. To address this issue, this paper was focused on the study area of different climate division regions in the continental of United States, analyzing the suitability of various drought indices. Main conclusions and results can be deduced as follows:(1) Studying drought phenomena in the Continental United States in 2011 and 2012 using various drought indicesComparison of the spatial distributions of data from July 2011 and July 2012 showed that the remotely sensed drought indices and the locally measured drought indices varied greatly, while the CCIs showed a stronger correlation with station based indices than SCIs. The drought indices compared were capable of detecting the main drought event of July 2011 and July 2012 throughout the CONUS. The CCIs indicated larger areas to be under drought conditions than did the USDM data. The VUA-based SMCI showed greater correlations with the station-based drought indices than NSIDC-based SMCI, and the MODIS-based TCI showed stronger correlations with the station-based drought indices than VUA-based TCI in the CONUS. For the comparison of drought indices in regions of varying climate divisions, PCI is a good choice as a short-term drought index as it is correlated more strongly with station-based indices. VCI is a poor choice for monitoring drought in humid regions as it can be strongly affected by atmospheric changes. However, for low-latitude, semi-arid climates, VCI is more reliable than other methods. TCI should be avoided when monitoring desert environments, and SMCI should be avoided in regions covered by dense vegetation. The combined indices investigated had little variation among them, and empirical weighting was shown to be a suitable approach to combining a number of single indices. Compared with VegDRI, the combined indices showed limited improvement over single indices. Future development of combined indices could focus on empirical weighting based on climate.(2) Evaluating the utility of the VIUPD-derived vegetation condition index (VCI) for drought monitoring in the continental United StatesThe VIUPD-derived VCI had the strongest correlation with in situ drought indices in different sub-periods of the growing season and in a greater number of climate divisions, with higher r-values than the NDVI-derived VCI. This indicates that the VIUPD has the potential to replace the commonly used NDVI for monitoring drought conditions in different environments. Compared with the other single remote-sensing-based drought indices (TCI, PCI, and SMCI), the VIUPD-derived VCI was more suitable for longer-term drought monitoring, such as agricultural droughts, because it had stronger correlations with SPI-3, SPI-6, SPI-9, SPI-12, SPI-24, and PDSI. The VIUPD-derived VCI can also overcome some of the defects of SMCI for short-term drought monitoring in areas with a high density of vegetation cover. The VIUPD-derived VCI could also be combined with TCI. The VIUPD-derived VCI is recommended as the optimum remote-sensing-based single drought index for long-term drought over the CONUS or for other regions worldwide.(3) The sensitivity of satellite solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) for drought monitoring.When correlated with in-situ based drought indices, the SIF* data with higher spatial resolution did not show better performance than SIF from GOME-2 data. It is not the higher spatial resolution the better performance in monitoring drought conditions for SIF data. When comparing with MODIS data based VCI, the performances of SIF and SIF* were much worse. Even though the SIF* data was fused from GOME-2, MYD13C2, MOD16A2 and MYD11C3 data, it did not show very good results.(4) Monitoring 2011 and 2012 drought conditions in CONUS using MODIS data based BVI.From the overall performance, NDVI changes in the whole year is relatively weaker than the BVI. From the comparative analysis can be drawn, BVI to some extents, can be in response to the occurrence of drought events. When drought occurs BVIvalue will be reduced. In some cases, the trend of BVI will be inconsistent with the trend of drought, but on the whole, BVI changes with the drought situation is more active than NDVI changes. Key Words: Drought monitoring, Remote sensing, Serviceability, Comparison |
| 中文关键词 | 干旱监测 ; 遥感 ; 适用性 ; 对比分析 |
| 英文关键词 | Drought monitoring Remote sensing Serviceability Comparison |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 地图学与地理信息系统 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/288028 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 焦文哲. 利用遥感指数监测干旱的时空敏感性与适用性对比研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2017. |
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