Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 天山北坡三工河流域高时空分辨率气温与地表反照率数据构建与分析 | |
| 其他题名 | Construction and analysis of mean air temperature and albedo with high temporal and spatial resolution in Sangong river basin on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains |
| 王新新 | |
| 出版年 | 2017 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 罗格平 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 现有的温度数据集（CRU、MERRY、CFSR等），空间分辨率普遍大于10km，而MODIS地表温度产品为1km，且时间序列较短，均无法满足绿洲－荒漠相互作用研究的百米级精度要求。因此，获取绿洲－荒漠区高时空分辨率的气温数据集成为绿洲－荒漠相互作用研究的关键环节。地表反照率（Albedo）影响地-气系统水热循环和近地表气温，而人类活动导致的土地利用/土地覆被变化（LUCC）被认为是影响Albedo的关键因素之一，因此在全球气候变化的背景下，研究LUCC影响的Albedo与气温的相互作用已逐渐成为全球尤其是生态系统脆弱的干旱区研究的热点之一。本文以天山北坡三工河流域为研究区，以Landsat TM/OLI系列影像为数据源，并基于气象站观测数据和土地利用/土地覆被数据，反演卫星过境日期日均气温，定义“气温相对变化速率”,据此估算卫星非过境日期日均气温，从而构建得到三工河流域1989年-2014年（冬季除外）逐日日均气温空间数据集。基于1989年、1998年、2004年和2014年8月（天气状况相似）的Landsat影像反演高空间分辨率Albedo数据和土地利用覆被数据，分析研究区Albedo空间分布特征及近25年土地覆被变化特征，并以此分析LUCC影响下的Albedo对近地表气温的影响。主要结论如下：（1）通过建立瞬时气温与日均气温回归方程估算三工河流域卫星过境日期日均气温的方法精度较好，R2=0.96，p<0.01，RMSE=1.54℃。基于日均气温影像定义了不同覆被类型不同季节（春、夏、秋三季）的“气温相对变化速率”，沙质荒漠（1.12）>土质荒漠（1.03）>参考站点（1）>建设用地（0.97）>农田（0.80）>低山丘陵（0.76），卫星非过境日期日均气温计算值与气象站实测数据具有较好的相关性，R2>0.90，总RMSE=2.34℃，p<0.05。（2）本研究基于Landsat系列影像估算研究区高空间分辨率（30m）Albedo的精度较高，绝对误差在0.05以内，且具有明显的空间差异性：Albedo平均值北部沙质荒漠区（0.33）>南部低山丘陵区（0.30）>土质荒漠区（0.29）>建设用地（0.27）>农田（0.22）>水体（0.11），空间差异性由1989年至2014年逐渐减弱。（3）土地覆被变化是Albedo年际差异性的主要影响因素，而植被覆盖状况则是其年内变化的主要影响因素。Albedo的改变又通过影响地-气系统的能量交换从而影响近地表气温，Albedo与生长季平均气温具有显著的正相关性，R2 = 0.3，p < 0.01。基于生态模型及气候模式的三者之间机理层面的相互作用研究还有待进一步研究与讨论。 |
| 英文摘要 | The air temperature with high temporal and spatial resolution may reflect the spatial hydrothermal heterogeneity which is caused by different land-cover in oasis and desert ecosystems, and it is also an indispensable factor for driving ecological models or land surface models to study their interactions. Currently, the spatial resolutions of leading temperature datasets such as Climatic Research Unit(CRU)、The Climate Forecast System Reanalysis(CFSR)、Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) are too coarse to efficiently characterize the difference of heterogeneous hydrothermal pattern in a medium-scale oasis-desert ecosystem in arid regions. So the construction of mean air temperature dataset with high spatial and temporal resolution is crucial for investigating ecological interactions between oasis and desert ecosystems. Surface albedo affects the near surface air temperature through influencing the hydrothermal circulation between the land and atmosphere. The human-induced activities are regarded as one of the main factors in affecting albedo. Nowadays, the global climate change global warming are becoming global problems and studing the interaction between the albedo and air temperature is becoming a hot topic. Thus, the Sangong river basin which comprises a typical Mountains-Oasis-Desert System is selected as the study area. Based on Landsat TM/OLI images、meteorological datas and land use/land cover datas, the relative change rates of air temperature (R-Rates) for different land-covers and the daily mean air temperature dataset were retrieved. In order to study the interaction between surface albedo and air temperature, the albedo with high spatial resulotion in August of year 1989、1998、2004、2014 were retrieved and also analysed the land cover change during the 25 years. Then the interactions between albedo and air temperature were analysed. Results show that:(1) The regression coefficient between the instantaneous air temperature and daily mean air temperature perfomed well, R2=0.96，p<0.01 and the mean RMSE=1.54℃. The R-Rates of sandy desert, soil desert, built-up areas, cropland and hills was 1.12, 1.03, 0.97, 0.80 and 0.76, respectively, compared with reference station. Estimated daily mean air temperature and observed values in different weather stations showed a significant linear correlation , R2>0.90, RMSE=2.34℃,p<0.05.(2) The method of retrieving albedo data had high accuration, the absolute error was smaller than 0.05 and it agreed well with MCD43B3 datasets, R2=0.8173. Different land-covers had different albedo, the albedo of sandy desert, hills, soil desert, built-up, cropland and water was 0.33, 0.30, 0.29, 0.27, 022 and 0.11, respectively. The spatial differences becomed weaker from 1989 to 2014.(3) The mean air temperature had apparent heterogeneity which caused by different land covers. The mean air temperature of sandy desert > soil desert > built-up> cropland > hill and the mean air temperature of oasis had a high fluctuation. The main factor which affects the interannual difference of albedo is land-cover change and affects the annual variance is the vegetation cover condition. The mean albedo and mean air temperature of growing season had positive correlation, R2 = 0.3, p < 0.01. |
| 中文关键词 | 日均气温 ; 土地利用/土地覆被变化 ; 地表反照率 ; 绿洲-荒漠区 ; 三工河流域 |
| 英文关键词 | Daily mean air temperature Land-use and land-cover change(LUCC) Land surface albedo Oasis-desert region Sangong River Basin |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 地图学与地理信息系统 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287984 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王新新. 天山北坡三工河流域高时空分辨率气温与地表反照率数据构建与分析[D]. 中国科学院大学,2017. |
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