Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 基于 SEBS 模型的黑河下游地区蒸散发时空特性研究 | |
| 其他题名 | Study on the Spatial-temporal Changes of Evapotranspiration in the Lower Reaches of Heihe River Based on SEBS Model |
| 金学杰 | |
| 出版年 | 2017 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 周剑 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 蒸散发是地表蒸发和植被蒸腾的总和，是陆地能量和水平衡的重要组成部分，决定着地表各系统的水、热传输，是流域水资源耗散过程之一。因而合理的估算区域的蒸散状况对于水资源的规范化管理与使用、农田的灌溉有非比寻常的意义，特别是在西北干旱区，蒸散发的监测与估算对区域规划、水资源管理以及可持续发展研究具有重要意义。遥感在研究区域蒸散发方面有着得天独厚的优势，开展基于遥感技术的区域蒸散发估算研究具有重要的科学研究意义和社会价值。本文以黑河下游地区为研究区，以Landsat和MODIS等遥感数据为主要数据源，结合地面气象数据和DEM数据，反演了该区2004-2014年的生长季蒸散发量，试图从一个较长的时间序列尺度上探讨和分析蒸散发的时空变化规律。主要研究内容和分析结论如下：以2014年为例，反演了2014年15日的蒸散发结果，并以EC实测值进行了验证，结果表明SEBS模型在该区的估算效果较好。并且，在此基础上分析和探讨了蒸散发的年内时空变化情况，得出蒸散发的季节变化情况为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季，且呈现明显的沿河分布的趋势。总体上，7月蒸散量最高，6月、8月次之，5月再次之，9月开始蒸散量下降明显，12月蒸散量最低；4月由于春汛，蒸散发量形成次波峰极大值。引入ESTARFM时空数据融合算法，将MODIS和Landsat数据进行融合，生成同时具有高时间分辨率和高空间分辨率的融合影像，并用这些融合影像反演蒸散发。使用基于蒸发皿实测值为基础的比例系数法对蒸散发进行时间尺度扩展，得到生长季蒸散发总量，结果显示该总量得到水体平均蒸散结果与蒸发皿实测值更为接近，说明ESTARFM算法与比例系数扩展法的真实可用性，也说明了ESTARFM时空数据融合算法在蒸散发时空降尺度方面具有重要意义。根据多年蒸散发总量结果，具体分析了蒸散发的年际时空变化情况，得出蒸散发高值区空间范围呈增长趋势；蒸散总量呈增长趋势，具体为2008年以前呈上升趋势2008年以后呈现下降趋势，在这一时间段内与蒸发皿实测值变化趋势一致；水体总平均蒸散量与蒸发皿实测总量差值为386 mm，水体最大蒸散量与蒸发皿总量差值为81 mm，由此可根据蒸发皿实测总量大致推测出自然水体表面的蒸散发情况等结论。对比分析了不同土地覆被的蒸散发结果，分析得出不同土地覆被的蒸散发结果呈现如下规律：各类土地利用类型蒸散发年内变化幅度依次为，水体>耕地>灌丛地>草地>裸土地>沙地。在此基础上进一步分析了绿洲主体区的蒸散发结果，结果显示，2011年与2014年绿洲主体区平均蒸散量分别为570 mm、550 mm，呈现出比较稳定略有降低的趋势。 |
| 英文摘要 | Evapotranspiration is the sum of surface evaporation and vegetation transpiration, which is an important component of land energy and water balance. It determines the water and heat transfer of each system. It is one of the water resources dissipation processes. Therefore, the rational estimation of the regional evapotranspiration has a very important significance for the standardized management and use of water resources. Monitoring and estimation of regional evapotranspiration is of great significance for regional planning, water resources management and sustainable development research, especially in the arid regions of northwest China. Remote sensing has a unique advantage in the study of regional evapotranspiration, and the study of regional evapotranspiration based on remote sensing technology has important scientific research significance and social value.This article takes the Lower Reaches of Heihe River as the research area. Based on the remote sensing data of Landsat and MODIS as the main data source and the ground meteorological data and DEM data, the evapotranspiration of the growing season in 2004-2014 was retrieved, The spatial-temporal variation of evapotranspiration is discussed and analyzed on the time series scale. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:Taking the 2014 as an example, the evapotranspiration results of 15 days in 2014 were retrieved and verified by EC measurements. The results show that the SEBS model has a good effect in this area. On the basis of this, the spatial-temporal changes of evapotranspiration were analyzed and discussed. The seasonal variation of evapotranspiration was : summer> spring> autumn> winter, and the distribution trend was obvious along the river. In general, the evapotranspiration was the highest in July, followed by June and August, and was the lowest in December. In April due to spring flood, evapotranspiration formed sub-peak maximum.The ESTARFM spatio-temporal data fusion algorithm is introduced to fuse the MODIS and Landsat data to produce a fusion image with high temporal resolution and high spatial resolution, and evapotranspiration was retrieved with these fusion images. The evapotranspiration was calculated by using the scale factor expansion method based on the measured value of the evaporator, and the total amount of evapotranspiration in the growing season was obtained. The results show that the total average evapotranspiration of the water body is close to the measured value of the evaporator, indicating the true availability of the ESTARFM algorithm and the scaling factor expansion method. It also shows that the ESTARFM spatio-temporal data fusion algorithm is important in the aspect of space-time downscaling of evapotranspiration.Based on the results of years of evapotranspiration, the spatial-temporal changes of evapotranspiration were analyzed concretely. The results show that the spatial range of evapotranspiration was increased. The total evapotranspiration showed an increasing trend. And the difference between the total evapotranspiration of nature water body and the total measured evapotranspiration was 386 mm, and the difference between the maximum evapotranspiration of nature water body and the total amount of the evaporator was 81 mm, which indicates that we can calculate evaporation of the natural water surface according to the total amount of evaporation of pan.The results showed that the evapotranspiration of different land coverings showed the following laws: the variation range of various types of land use types was: water> cultivated land> shrub land> grassland> Bare land> sand. On the basis of this, the evapotranspiration of the oasis main area was analyzed, and the results showed that the average evapotranspiration of the oasis main body in 2011 and 2014 was 570 mm and 550 mm, respectively, showing a relatively stable and slightly decreasing trend. |
| 中文关键词 | SEBS 模型 ; 蒸散发 ; ESTARFM ; 时空分析 ; 黑河下游 |
| 英文关键词 | SEBS model Evapotranspiration ESTARFM Spatial-temporal analysis Lower Reaches of Heihe River |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 地图学与地理信息系统 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287959 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 金学杰. 基于 SEBS 模型的黑河下游地区蒸散发时空特性研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2017. |
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