Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 黄土高原人工刺槐林和柠条林土壤团聚体稳定性及其影响因素 | |
| 其他题名 | Soil aggregate stability and its influencing factor of Robinia pseudoacacia and Caragana Korshinskii plantations on the Loess Plateau of China |
| 赵晓单 | |
| 出版年 | 2017 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 安韶山 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 植被恢复是黄土高原地区提高土壤有机碳含量、改善土壤结构最有效的措施之一。本研究选取黄土高原的刺槐和柠条人工林林下土壤为研究对象，结合Yoder法和Le Bissonnais法了解黄土高原地区土壤团聚体特征及其破坏的机制，探究植被恢复过程中人工刺槐林和柠条林对团聚体结构及其稳定性和抗侵蚀能力（K）的影响，揭示环境因子和养分因子影响土壤团聚体稳定性的关系，为确定黄土高原植被恢复措施的选择及其优劣评价提供科学的实践依据。主要结论如下：（1）在北部落叶阔叶林带、森林草原带、典型草原带植被带内由东向西，林地土壤大团聚体质量分数逐渐增加。且Yoder法结果表明，四个植被带刺槐林和柠条林整体土壤团聚体各粒径平均值，>0.25mm粒径的土壤团聚体：南部落叶阔叶林带>北部落叶阔叶林带>森林草原带>典型草原带。（2）在 LB 法 3 种湿润处理下， 快速湿润处理(FW)对土壤团聚体结构的破坏程度最大，处理后土壤水稳性团聚体以<0.2 mm 为主；慢速湿润处理(SW)对团聚体的破坏程度最小，处理后土壤水稳性团聚体主要以>2 mm 团聚体为主；而预湿后扰动处理(WS)对团聚体的破坏程度介于FW 和 SW 之间。 （3）黄土高原R0.25、MWD 值和 GMD 值的空间分布特征基本呈现西部偏低，东部偏高的规律，K值相反。同纬度内，随着经度的减小，R0.25、MWD 值和 GMD 值整体上有逐渐增大的趋势，土壤抗蚀性K 值整体上有逐渐减小的趋势。（4）以环县地区经线（107o）为分界线，以其年平均降雨量（407mm）为参照值，环县以东种植刺槐，土壤团聚体稳定性和抗侵蚀能力更好；以西且降水小于407mm种植柠条，土壤团聚体稳定性和抗侵蚀能力更好。在典型草原带以西的荒漠草原带，降水越来越少，极度干旱少雨，柠条也不适宜种植。（5）影响黄土高原土壤团聚体稳定性和抗蚀性的环境因子主要是纬度、经度、降雨。R0.25、MWD、GMD与纬度、经度呈极显著负相关，与降水呈极显著正相关。土壤可蚀性因子K值与纬度、经度呈极显著正相关，与降水呈极显著负相关。影响黄土高原土壤团聚体稳定性和抗蚀性的土壤养分主要是土壤有机质、土壤全氮。R0.25、MWD、GMD与土壤有机质、土壤全氮呈极显著正相关，土壤可蚀性因子K值与土壤有机质、土壤全氮呈极显著负相关。（6）黄土高原土壤团聚体的破坏机制主要是消散和机械破坏， 这与黄土高原的大雨与暴雨以及黄土高原植被覆盖度低有关， 因此为了提高土壤团聚体稳定性， 防治土壤侵蚀，通过植树造林进行植被恢复可提高植被覆盖度， 提高土壤团聚体的稳定性， 提高土壤的抗侵蚀能力。快速湿润处理和预湿后扰动处理能模拟不同降雨或灌溉方式以及地表径流对土壤团聚体稳定性的影响， LB 法能够较为全面的测定土壤团聚体结构。 |
| 英文摘要 | Vegetation restoration is the most effective measures which increase soil organic carbon content and improve soil structure on the Loess Plateau in China. This study selected the soil of the Loess Plateau, Robinia pseudoacacia and Caragana Korshinskii Plantation as the research object. The objective of this paper is to analyze characteristics of soil aggregates in the Loess Plateau by using Le Bissonnais method and Yoder method, to understand vegetation restoration process of Robinia pseudoacacia forest and Caragana Korshinskii forest on aggregate structure and its stability and anti erosion ability (k) effects, to reveal the environmental factors and nutrient factors affecting the relationship between soil aggregate stability, to provide a scientific basis for the selection and practice of evaluation to determine the Loess Plateau Vegetation Restoration Measures. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) In the northern deciduous broad-leaved forest, forest steppe, typical steppe vegetation zone from east to west, the mass fraction of soil aggregates and woodland increased gradually. The results of Yoder table Ming, four vegetation of Caragana Korshinskii forest and Robinia pseudoacacia forest overall average value of each particle size of soil aggregates, soil aggregate size >0.25mm: Southern deciduous broad-leaved forest > Northern deciduous broad-leaved forest > forest steppe zone > typical steppe zone. (2) In the LB by 3 kinds of wet treatment under fast wetting treatment (FW) the maximum extent of damage to the soil aggregate structure, after the treatment of soil water stable aggregates with <0.2 mm; Slow wetting treatment (SW) minimal damage to the aggregate, after the treatment of soil water stable aggregates mainly in >2 mm aggregates; And pre wet after perturbation treatment (WS) between the damage degree of aggregates between FW and SW. (3)R0.25, MWD and GMD values showed the spatial distribution characteristics of Eastern Western low, high K value law, on the contrary. The same latitude, longitude with reduced, r0.25, MWD and GMD values on the whole layer gradually increased, soil erodibility K value has a gradually decreasing trend on the whole. (4) To inhuanxian county (107 degrees longitude) as the dividing line, the average annual rainfall (407mm) as the reference value, in the east of black locust, soil aggregate stability and anti erosion ability is better; And the precipitation is less than the West 407mm planting Caragana Korshinskii, soil aggregate stability and anti erosion ability better. In the west of the typical steppe desert steppe, less precipitation, extreme drought, Caragana Korshinskii is also not suitable for planting. (5) The effects of environmental factors on Loess Plateau soil aggregate stability and corrosion resistance is mainly the latitude, longitude, rainfall.R0.25. MWD, GMD and latitude, showed a significant negative correlation with longitude, and significantly positive correlation with the rainfall. The soil erodibility factor K value and the latitude and longitude were highly significant positive correlation, and negative correlation with precipitation on the Loess Plateau soil aggregate stability. The main soil nutrient qualitative and corrosion resistance is the soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen of.R0.25, MWD, GMD and soil organic matter, significantly positive correlation with the soil total nitrogen, soil erodibility factor K value and soil organic matter, showed a significant negative correlation with soil total nitrogen. (6) The main failure mechanism of soil aggregates in Loess Plateau is the damage dissipation and mechanical. And theheavy rain in the Loess Plateau with low coverage is associated with heavy rain and vegetation in Loess Plateau. Therefor, in order to improve the stability of soil aggregates, to prevent soil erosion, vegetation restoration can improve vegetation coverage, improve the soil aggregate stability, and improve the soil anti erosion ability and fast wetting treatment. LB method can comprehensively measure soil aggregate node Structure. |
| 中文关键词 | 土壤团聚体 ; 稳定性 ; LB法 ; 黄土高原 ; 柠条林 ; 刺槐林 |
| 英文关键词 | Loess Plateau LB method aggregate sdability Robinia pseudoacacia plantations Caraganamicrophylla plantations |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 土壤学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287919 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 赵晓单. 黄土高原人工刺槐林和柠条林土壤团聚体稳定性及其影响因素[D]. 中国科学院大学,2017. |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
| 个性服务 |
| 推荐该条目 |
| 保存到收藏夹 |
| 导出为Endnote文件 |
| 谷歌学术 |
| 谷歌学术中相似的文章 |
| [赵晓单]的文章 |
| 百度学术 |
| 百度学术中相似的文章 |
| [赵晓单]的文章 |
| 必应学术 |
| 必应学术中相似的文章 |
| [赵晓单]的文章 |
| 相关权益政策 |
| 暂无数据 |
| 收藏/分享 |
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。
