Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 荒漠肉苁蓉资源的综合利用 | |
| 其他题名 | Comprehensive Utilization of Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma Resource |
| 郭元亨 | |
| 出版年 | 2017 |
| 学位类型 | 博士 |
| 导师 | 赵兵 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 荒漠肉苁蓉是一种有着长久应用历史的名贵中药材。目前，在荒漠肉苁蓉的培育、化学组分及药理活性方面的研究较为深入，但对荒漠肉苁蓉的产业化深加工方面的研究较少，限制了其应用范围和经济价值提升。论文以荒漠肉苁蓉的综合利用为目的，研究了荒漠肉苁蓉多糖提取、分离、结构修饰及生物活性。同时，实现了苯乙醇苷、甘露醇的分离纯化。研究结果可为荒漠肉苁蓉资源分级、综合利用，拓宽应用范围等奠定基础。论文取得的主要研究成果如下：(1) 建立了一种新的荒漠肉苁蓉中单糖组分的分析方法。此方法可以同时检测多达11种单糖，包括葡萄糖、果糖、甘露醇、半乳糖、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖醛酸、阿拉伯糖、鼠李糖、核糖、岩藻糖和木糖。此方法有效地弥补了柱前衍生法检测单糖技术中，化学标记试剂无法修饰果糖及甘露醇的缺陷，同时避免了高效液相离子渗透色谱检测技术中峰形重叠的问题。在现有的技术条件下，能较快、较准确的得到荒漠肉苁蓉中所有的单糖的组成信息。另外，此法可以广泛应用于其它植物中单糖组成分析。(2) 膜过滤分级分离纯化荒漠肉苁蓉多糖中聚合度不同的组分。得到3种分子量较均一的组分，依次命名为CDP-A、CDP-B、CDP-C，其分子量分别为4000 kDa、2400 kDa和1300 kDa。研究了在分级分离多糖过程中，不同过滤膜的污染机理。结果表明：微滤主要是膜孔堵塞；超滤是膜孔堵塞和膜孔缩小双重作用；纳滤是滤饼起主要作用。对3种不同聚合度的多糖进行单糖组分分析，结果表明，CDP-C含不饱和键的半乳糖醛酸较高，其抗氧化能力也较强。(3) 建立了荒漠肉苁蓉中苯乙醇苷及甘露醇的高效分离技术。利用膜过滤多糖所得的透过液，通过大孔吸附树脂吸附苯乙醇苷，采用浓缩结晶法和乙醇溶液体系中热溶解-冷结晶法，得到高纯度的甘露醇。利用此技术，荒漠肉苁蓉提取物中甘露醇以及松果菊苷和毛蕊花糖苷(苯乙醇苷中的特征组分)的含量分别从12.10%，2.74%和1.20%提高到99.00%，23.45%和9.31%。 此外，与前期报道的大孔吸附树脂分离苯乙醇苷工艺相比较，本工艺中树脂的最大重复操作次数从5次提升至15次。(4) 为了拓展荒漠肉苁蓉的应用领域，研究了荒漠肉苁蓉中的多糖CDP-C及其中的苯乙醇苷对酒精性肝损伤的抑制作用。通过体外细胞学实验、模型动物中血清学指标及肝组织指标的变化，研究了多糖CDP-C和苯乙醇苷的护肝效果。结果表明，荒漠肉苁蓉多糖CDP-C和苯乙醇苷均有很好的护肝作用。(5) 通过硒化、硫酸化及乙酰化修饰，对荒漠肉苁蓉多糖CDP-B进行了改性。通过抗氧化性和体外抗肿瘤实验，比较了修饰前后荒漠肉苁蓉多糖的活性。结果表明，硒化多糖和硫酸化多糖的抗氧化能力和体外抗肿瘤活性有较明显的提升，但乙酰化修饰无明显变化。 |
| 英文摘要 | Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma is a precious traditional Chinese herbal medicine. At present, many studies focus on the cultivation, chemical composition and pharmacological activity of C. deserticola. However, a few studies on the fine processing of C. deserticola have been done, which limits its application range and economic value. The purpose of this paper is comprehensive utilization of C. deserticola, the extraction, isolation, structural modification and bioactivity of the polysaccharides from C. deserticola were studied. At the same time, the phenylethanol glycoside and mannitol were also separated and purified efficiently. The results of this study can provide the references for comprehensive utilization and broaden the application scope of C. deserticola.The main research results are as follows:(1) A new method for the analysis of monosaccharide components in C. deserticola was established. This method can be used to simultaneously detect 11 kinds of monosaccharides, including glucose, fructose, mannitol, galactose, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid, arabinose, rhamnose, ribose, fucose and xylose. This method can not only effectively solve the problems of modifying fructose and mannitol difficultly, but also avoid the problem of overlapping peaks in high performance liquid ion permeation chromatography. Under the existing technical conditions, the information of monosaccharide compositions in C. deserticola can be obtained quickly and accurately. In addition, this method can also be widely used in the analysis of monosaccharide composition from other plants.(2) Membrane filtration was used for fractionational separation of polysaccharides from C. deserticola. After membrane filtration, CDP-A, CDP-B and CDP-C were obtained. The molecular weights of CDP-A, CDP-B and CDP-C were 4000 kDa, 2400 kDa and 1300 kDa, respectively. The polluted mechanisms of different filtration membranes were also studied by using Darcy`s Law and Hermia model. The results showed that the main pollution mechanism of microfiltration, untrafiltration, nanofiltration were pore blockage, pore blockage & constiction and cake formation, respectively. CDP-C had higher antioxidant ability, due to its unsaturated bonds in galacturonic acid molecules. (3) The efficiently separation technology of phenylethanol glycosides and mannitol from C. deserticola were established. Using the permeated liquid obtained in membrane filtration, phenylethanol glycoside were adsorbed by macroporous resin, raw mannitol was obtained by concentrated crystallization method, then mannitol with high purity was obtained through hot dissolution-cold crystallization method in ethanol solution. Using this technique, the purity of echinacoside, acteoside and mannitol in the extracts with 12.10%, 2.74% and 1.20% reached 99.00%, 23.45% and 9.31%, respectively. In addition, the repetitive operations times of macroporous adsorption resin used for the separation of phenylethanoid glycosides can be increased from 5 (previously reported technique) to 15 times. (4) In order to expand the application field of C. deserticola, the inhibitory effect against alcoholic liver injury of CDP-C and phenylethanol glycoside was studied both in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that CDP-C and phenylethanol glycoside had high hepatoprotective activities.The polysaccharide CDP-B was modified by selenium, sulfation and acetylation. The activity of polysaccharides from C. deserticola was compared before and after modification by antioxidation and in vitro antitumor experiments. The results showed that the antioxidant capacities and in vitro antitumor activities of selenium modified and sulfated polysaccharides were improved, but the activity of acetylated polysaccharide was not remarkable. |
| 中文关键词 | 荒漠肉苁蓉 ; 多糖 ; 苯乙醇苷 ; 甘露醇 ; 肝保护 ; 化学修饰 |
| 英文关键词 | Cistanche deserticola polysaccharide phenylethanol glycoside mannitol liver protection chemical modification |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 生物化工 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287890 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 郭元亨. 荒漠肉苁蓉资源的综合利用[D]. 中国科学院大学,2017. |
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