Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 木嘎岗穹冰芯可溶性化学成分记录及其环境意义 | |
| 其他题名 | Soluble Chemical Components and Environmental Significance of MGGQ Ice Core, Central Tibetan Plateau |
| 旦增卓嘎 | |
| 出版年 | 2016 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 姚檀栋 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 大气气溶胶能够通过吸收和反射太阳辐射以及参与云内降水过程来影响气候变化，IPCC 评估报告中也特别指出了气溶胶对气候变化研究的不确定性。山地冰川由于较高的海拔与较低的温度，是一些大气污染物的重要沉积区。在气溶胶采集仍然很有限的今天，冰雪记录提供了高海拔各种时间序列的气溶胶记录，是直接采集的一个重要补充。因此开展雪冰中的污染物研究，可以揭示污染物的来源、输送路径、空间分布及其在高海拔地区生物圈的传递与富集过程。本论文以青藏高原中部82m长的木嘎岗穹冰芯为研究对象，分析测量了多种参数，包括阳离子（Na+、NH4+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+）与阴离子（Cl-、SO42-、NO3-），冰芯净积累量等记录。根据冰芯的可溶性离子的化学记录分析了木嘎岗穹冰川所在的高原中部地区的环境特点；离子粉尘含量与积累量变化关系比较；通过木嘎岗穹冰芯与普若岗日冰芯的离子记录对比，研究了青藏高原中部地区大气环境变化及其影响因素。(1) 木嘎岗穹冰芯AD1342来主要的可溶性离子成分具有相似的变化趋势，即各离子组分之间呈良好的相关性，说明可能存在相同的粉尘源。其中，Ca2+离子作为沙尘天气的良好指示器，记录了近百年来随着气候的变暖变湿，沙尘天气呈现逐渐减少的趋势。然而，受人类活动排放影响的SO42-、NO3-和NH4+离子变化趋势之间存在一些差异。(2)木嘎岗穹冰川大气环境主要受印度季风和西风的共同影响。木嘎岗穹冰芯记录的离子粉尘物质可能主要来自我国内陆及青藏高原的干旱、半干旱区。(3)木嘎岗穹冰芯净积累量与可溶性离子浓度之间呈反比的关系，即净积累量的低值对应离子浓度的高值，净积累量的高值对应离子浓度的低值。（4）木嘎岗穹冰芯和普若岗日冰芯主要可溶性离子的记录的对比研究，揭示了受西风和季风共同影响下的青藏高原中部地区气候环境特征。陆源粉尘Ca2+离子在两根冰芯记录中的高度相似性，说明木嘎岗穹冰芯和普若岗日冰芯粉尘离子具有相似的粉尘源和传输路径。 |
| 英文摘要 | Aerosol impacts significantly on the Earth’s radiation budget and the precipitation processes, and thereby influences the global climate system. The fourth IPCC report also highlighted the uncertainty of the aerosol’s influence on climatic changes. MGGQ located in the central Tibetan Plateau that is the cleanest region in the world, nevertheless, it has experienced enhanced impact from a variety of industrial and agricultural contaminants. Because of higher altitude and lower air temperature, some contaminants deposited at these glacier regions. Thus we can analyze the soluble species (aerosols) archived at ice cores in order to gain the origin, transport pathway, temporal and spatial variability of these contaminants. Due to the extremely high altitude and harsh weather, it is very difficult to do the insitu monitoring work on atmospheric chemistry. However, ice core chemistry record is an alternative method for this.In this work, the author studied the 82m MGGQ ice core, and analyzed cations（Na+、NH4+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+）, anions（Cl-、SO42-、NO3-）. Based on these data, this work specially focuses on the spatial and temporal variability of soluble species in ice cores and the impact of atmospheric environment.（1） Soluble Chemical Components in nearly seven centuries on the MGGQ ice core have the same trend and show good correlation between ionic components, which indicates that there may have the same source of dust. The concentration of Ca2+ on the MGGQ ice core indicates that dust weather may have been reducing in the past hundred years. SO42-,NO3- and NH4+ that are the symbol of human emission show some differences reflecting regionally environmental characteristics.（2）Dust materials have high concentration in spring and early summer in the records of MGGQ ice core, they are probably transported from the northwest arid， semi-arid region and local dust.（3）Net accumulation of ice core records can reflect precipitation changes. There are proportional relationship between the high value of soluble ion concentration and net accumulation. Therefore, climate conditions affect dust deposition. （4）We try to study the influence of the westerly and monsoon by analyze the records of MGGQ and PRGR ice cores. There are good similarities in the concentration trends of Ca2+, which indicates that the two glacier have similar source of dust and similar transmission path. |
| 中文关键词 | 木嘎岗穹冰芯 ; 离子 ; 人类排放 ; 净积累量 |
| 英文关键词 | MGGQ ice core ions anthropogenic emission net accumulation |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 自然地理学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院青藏高原研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287740 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 旦增卓嘎. 木嘎岗穹冰芯可溶性化学成分记录及其环境意义[D]. 中国科学院大学,2016. |
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