Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 胡杨与柽柳径向生长特征对比研究 | |
| 其他题名 | Comparative study of intra-annual stem radius growth characteristic of Populus euphratica and Tamarix ramosissima |
| 田全彦 | |
| 出版年 | 2016 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 肖生春 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 黑河下游额济纳绿洲是西北干旱区的前沿生态屏障,对于维持该区生态环境稳定以及经济持续发展有重要意义。荒漠河岸林是额济纳绿洲的主体，胡杨和柽柳又是其主要建群种。近年来，随着社会经济的不断发展，黑河下游水环境恶化，人们赖以生存的生态环境退化。本研究使用径向生长测量仪对额济纳旗胡杨和柽柳生长季树干的径向生长变化进行监测,并同步监测了气温、空气相对湿度和地下水位埋深等环境因子，在小时尺度上深入探讨了限制胡杨和柽柳径向生长的主要因子，并对比分析了两树种对环境的适应性。通过研究，本文得出以下结论：（1）在晴天里，树木径向生长日变化呈周期性变化。夜间根系吸水，使树干膨胀，03:00-09:00径向生长达到最大值，然后由于蒸腾作用持续收缩，直至15:00-20:00降至最小值。但是，在阴雨天里，树干会持续膨胀，而在天晴以后又会收缩一段时间。胡杨和柽柳比较而言，前者日变化最大值出现时间较早，而最小值出现时间基本一致。（2）两树种在季节尺度上的日变化过程存在差异。胡杨在5-10月份树木径向日变化达到最大值的时间逐渐提前，且收缩量增大。5-7月份日循环振幅较大，8-9月份相对较小，而10月份由于收缩量较大，促使日循环振幅很大；柽柳在5-6月份径向日变化振幅大，7-8月份日平均振幅突然减小，且日变化达到最大值的时间提前，9-10月份，径向生长日变化过程倒置。（3）累积径向生长曲线的突变检验表明，同一年里两树种进入快速生长阶段的时间存在差异。2011年，胡杨5月下旬进入快速生长阶段，比柽柳晚10天左右；而且胡杨快速生长阶段在8月中旬结束，比柽柳结束的早。总体上来说，胡杨快速生长阶段要比柽柳短18天。（4）日变化参数与环境因子的相关性分析结果显示，气温和地下水埋深是影响两树种收缩和膨胀过程的主要环境因子；同时，日净生长量与环境因子的相关性分析结果也显示，气温和地下水埋深是影响两树种生长量的主要因素。（5）通过以上内容的研究，深入认识不同环境因子对两树种的影响，可为荒漠河岸林树木年轮学研究和水资源优化管理提供理论依据，对额济纳绿洲生态-经济-社会的持续发展具有重要意义。 |
| 英文摘要 | Ejina Oasis in lower reaches of the Heihe River is a ecological barrier of arid region of northwest China, which has important significance for maintaining the stability of the ecological environment and sustainable economic development. Desert riparian forests which is consisted of Populus euphratica and Tamarix ramosissima is the main body of Ejina Oasis. For the past few years, with the development of economic and society, the environment of water has been deteriorated, leading to degenerate of the human living settings. In this research, dendroneters were used to monitor the stem radius variations of Populus euphratica and Tamarixramosissima during the growing seasons in Ejina Oasis. The environmental factors, such as air temperature, relative air humidity and groundwater level, were monitored synchronously. It was used to research the relationship between Populus euphratica and Tamarixramosissima and environment factors. According to the research, there are some conclusions as follow:(1) In sunny days, stem radius variations have a periodical change. During the night, roots absorb soil water, and it makes the stem expansion, and the stem radius variation reach maximum in 03:00-09：00, then, the stem begin to contract, reach minimum in 15:00-20:00. However, in rainy days, the stem sustainable expand, then contract when the weather turned to sunny. Compared with Populus euphratica and Tamarixramosissima, the maximum of the former appeared early than the latter, while the minimum of both appeared at the same time.(2) There have difference of stem radius changes between the two species in season scale. In May to October, maximum of daily stem radius change Populus euphratica are ahead of time gradually and the contraction increase gradually. In May to July, the daily cycle amplitude is bigger, while it diminish in August and September, and the amplitude is bigger in October due to the bigger contraction; In May and June, the daily cycle amplitude is bigger, while it drop suddenly and the appearance of daily stem radius maximum ahead of time in July and August, and the process of daily stem radius change reverse in September and October.(3) Mutation test of cumulative radius growth curve show that the time of stepped into the stage of rapid growth is different between the two species. In the year of 2011, Populus euphratica were into the rapid growth stage in the last ten day of May, which was later about ten days than Tamarixramosissima. While the end of rapid growth stage of Populus euphratica were early than Tamarixramosissima. On the whole, the timing of rapid growth stage of Populus euphratica was shorter 18 than Tamarixramosissima.(4) The relationship between the environmental factors and eMDV and iMDV show that temperature and groundwater is the most important factors to influence stem radius change; And the relationship between the environmental factors and stem radius increment also suggest that temperature and groundwater is the most important factors to influence stem radius increment.(5) According to the conclusions of this paper, which help to understand how environmental factors influence stem radius change and have significant implications for the sustainable development of desert riparian forests and the water resources management in the inland river basin. |
| 中文关键词 | 胡杨 ; 柽柳 ; 日-季尺度 ; 径向生长 ; 环境因子 |
| 英文关键词 | Populus euphratica，Tamarix ramosissima，daily-seasonal scale， Stem radius growth，Environmental factor |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 自然地理学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287690 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 田全彦. 胡杨与柽柳径向生长特征对比研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2016. |
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