Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 土壤湿度与蒸散的关系及模拟研究 | |
| 其他题名 | Relationship between Soil Moisture and Evapotranspiration and Simulation Study |
| 肖宇 | |
| 出版年 | 2016 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 李明星 ; 马柱国 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 土壤湿度与蒸散关系表达是陆气相互作用研究的重要环节，是陆面模式中的关键过程。然而，由于该过程的复杂性，当前不同模式中所采用的方案千差万别，对土壤湿度和蒸散关系的描述也具有差异。为了评估陆面模式对蒸散和土壤湿度关系的模拟能力和现状，本文利用实验观测资料，对常用的四个陆面模式（CLM（Community Land Model）、Noah_LSM（The Noah Land Surface Model）、VIC（Variable Infiltration Capacity）、SSiB（The Simplified Simple Biosphere model））中土壤湿度影响蒸散发的参数化方案进行了简化、对比和初步评估，同时检验了不同模式在单点和区域尺度对陆面过程的模拟情况，取得了如下进展：（1）CLM与SSiB中描述土壤湿度影响裸土蒸发的参数化方案比Noah_LSM和VIC更接近真实的物理过程，同时CLM对于下垫面有植被条件下的蒸散（文中称植被蒸散）的模拟更为真实。（2）CLM、SSiB与Noah_LSM中土壤湿度影响植被蒸散的参数化方案的拟合效果较VIC好，同时在部分站点CLM与SSiB的参数化方案稍优于Noah_LSM，四个模式在干旱半干旱区的拟合效果较湿润区和半湿润区好。（3）在夏季降水量较大的站点，模式对于土壤湿度和蒸散关系的模拟较好，能够从均值和变化特征上反映观测变化过程，而在夏季降水量较小的站点，CLM对于二者关系的模拟效果较Noah_LSM和Noah_MP差。（4）对于年平均值而言，从全国区域来看，CLM对土壤湿度和潜热的模拟值最小，VIC模拟的土壤湿度和潜热的南北差异最大；对于季节变化而言，VIC能够较好地模拟出土壤湿度和潜热通量的季节变化；对于变化趋势而言，Noah_LSM能够在模式中反映出干旱半干旱区过渡带土壤湿度逐渐减小的变化特点，同时三个模式均反映出我国西南部两个潜热通量明显增加的区域。（5）总的来说，CLM对能量平衡的模拟效果较好，Noah_LSM仅次于CLM，Noah_MP对陆地水分变化特征的模拟效果较好，VIC适用于模拟我国陆地水分的空间特征和季节变化。 |
| 英文摘要 | The expression of the relationship between soil moisture and evapotranspiration is an important part of the land-surface interaction. However, because of the complexity of this process, different schemes are used in different models, and the descriptions of the relationship between soil moisture and evapotranspiration are also different. In order to assess the current situation and simulation abilities of four widely used land surface models (CLM (Community Land Model), Noah_LSM (The Noah Land Surface Model), VIC (Variable Infiltration Capacity) and SSiB (The Simplified Simple Biosphere model)) on the relationship between soil moisture and evapotranspiration, experimental observation data are used to simplify, contrast and evaluate the parameterizations of soil moisture’s influence on evapotranspiration. On the other hand, simulating effects of different models on land surface processes in both single station and the whole country are contrasted. Following are the main achievements of this thesis: (1) The parameterization schemes of soil moisture’s influence on bare soil evaporation in CLM and SSiB are closer to the real physical processes than those in Noah_LSM and VIC, while the parameterization scheme of soil moisture’s influence on vegetation evapotranspiration in CLM is closer to the real physical processes than those in the other three models. (2) Parameterization schemes of soil moisture’s influence on evapotranspiration in CLM, SSiB and Noah_LSM are better than that in VIC, and the parameterization schemes in CLM and SSiB are better than that in Noah_LSM at several stations. In addition, the parameterization schemes in all four models show better performance in arid and semi-arid region than those in semi-humid and humid region. (3) In those stations with high rainfall, the simulation abilities for relationship between soil moisture and evapotranspiration in land surface models are strong, which means that models can reflect actual facts in both numerical and change characteristics aspects. In those stations where rainfall is small, the simulation effect of CLM is worse than those of Noah_LSM and VIC. (4) For annual average, in the national point of view, soil moisture and latent heat flux simulated by CLM are the least, and the differences of soil moisture between north and south are the maximum in VIC. For seasonal variation, VIC performs best in simulating the seasonal variation of soil moisture and latent heat flux. For variation trend, Noah_LSM has the ability to reflect the decrease of soil moisture in transitional zone in arid and semi-arid region. In addition, the two areas where latent heat flux is significantly increased are simulated in all three models.(5) In conclusion, CLM shows better performance in simulating energy balance, Noah_LSM ranks only second to CLM, Noah_MP shows better effect on simulating the change characteristics of soil moisture, and VIC is suitable for simulating the spatial distribution and seasonal variaion of land water. |
| 中文关键词 | 陆面模式 ; 蒸散 ; 土壤湿度 ; 参数化方案 |
| 英文关键词 | Land Surface Model Soil moisture Evapotranspiration Parameterizations |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 气象学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287640 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 肖宇. 土壤湿度与蒸散的关系及模拟研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2016. |
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