Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 内蒙古东部草原土壤真菌群落的结构和多样性 | |
| 其他题名 | Soil Fungal Community Structure and Diversity in the Eastern Inner Mongolia Steppe |
| 张小元 | |
| 出版年 | 2016 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 李香真 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | ??? 土壤真菌种类丰富，代谢过程多样，是生物地球化学循环过程的关键驱动因子之一。然而，由于技术手段的限制和真菌系统的复杂性，人们对土壤真菌群落的组成及其与环境因子的关系认识不够深入，土壤真菌的研究远远落后于植物和动物的研究。对于我国内蒙古草原生态系统，尚没有系统的关于土壤真菌群落的分类组成、多样性、时空变异等数据，不清楚驱动真菌群落变化的关键环境因子。??? 本文利用Illumina Miseq测序技术对真菌的核糖体内转录间隔区域2 (ITS2)进行测序，研究了内蒙古东部草原（位于锡林郭勒盟境内）的一个降雨梯度样带中不同类型草原的土壤真菌群落的组成和多样性，旨在揭示该地区真菌群落分布的规律及其与环境变量之间的相互关系，为草原生态系统的平衡和物种多样性的保护提供理论依据。主要研究结果如下：??? 1 本实验从降雨梯度样带中的5个采样地点取得6组土壤样品，采样地点分别是草甸草原（位于嘎松山）、羊草草原、大针茅草原、荒漠草原（在阿巴嘎旗取得两组土壤样品）和荒漠草原（位于二连浩特）。在阿巴嘎旗荒漠草原，于灌丛间和灌丛下分别取得一组土壤样品。本实验共取得87个土壤样品。通过对ITS2片段的测序，得到406638条真菌ITS2序列，这些序列以97%的相似度为标准可以聚成11081个操作分类单元 (OTUs)。??? 2 六组土壤样品的α多样性指数大小差异不大（例如6组样品的平均Simpson indice最大差值为0.05，Observed OTUs最大差值为219.76），说明真菌群落在内蒙古锡林郭勒盟境内分布广泛，显示了真菌对环境较强的适应能力。??? 3 本实验中所检测到的11081个OTUs分布在8个门中。在所有样品中，子囊菌门的平均相对丰度(72.67%)最大，其次为担子菌门(13.65%)，球囊菌门的相对丰度(2.05%)也较大。在属的水平上，有9个属的平均相对丰度大于1.00%，分别为镰孢属(Fusarium)、菌刺孢属(Mycocentrospora)、白环菇属(Leucoagaricus)、地星属(Geastrum)、短梗蠕孢属(Trichocladium)、纤毛属(Ciliophora)、光黑壳属(Preussia)、球囊霉属(Glomus)和Chalastospora。??? 4 非度量多维标定法(NMDS)和非加权组平均法(UPGMA)的聚类结果显示本实验中的6组土壤样品可以聚成两个大组，嘎松山草甸草原、羊草草原、大针茅草原构成大组I，阿巴嘎旗荒漠草原（灌丛间）、阿巴嘎旗荒漠草原（灌丛下）、二连浩特荒漠草原构成大组II。这种聚类模式和总有机碳(TOC)和总氮(TN)的聚类模式相似。PerMANOVA test的结果显示阿巴嘎旗荒漠草原（灌丛间）和阿巴嘎旗荒漠草原（灌丛下）真菌群落结构的差异显著(P < 0.05)，说明植物生长情况对真菌群落结构有显著影响。??? 5 真菌群落与环境变量间的Mantel test、Partial Mantel test和斯皮尔曼相关分析的结果均显示年平均温度(MAT)、年平均降雨量(MAP)、总有机碳(TOC)和总氮(TN)四个环境变量对真菌群落组成和结构的变异影响最大，尤其是MAP的影响（MAP在Mantel test和Partial Mantel test中P值均小于0.01，且相关系数最大，分别为0.5455, 0.3762）。真菌群落的组成和结构很少受硝态氮(NO3--N)和电导率的影响，pH、铵态氮(NH4+-N)和碳氮比(C:N)对真菌群落的组成和结构的影响适中。关键词：土壤真菌群落，空间分布，降雨梯度样带，内蒙古东部草原，ITS Miseq测序??? |
| 英文摘要 | ? Soil fungi have rich species and complex metabolic potentials, and they are aslo one of the key components driving biogeochemical cycling in natural ecosystem. However, limited by research approaches and complex community compositions, we do no fully understand soil fungal community compositons and the relationship between soil fungi and environmental factors, and the the researches about soil fungi are far behind that about plants and animals. In terms of Inner Mongolia steppe ecosystem, there are no data about soil fungal composition, diversity, spatial and temporal variation, and the key environmental factors that drive fungal community change are still unknown.? In this study, soil fungal community composition and diversity in different steppes of a precipitation gradient transect in Xilinguole League, eastern Inner Mongolia, were investigated by sequencing ITS2 (Internal Transcribed Spacer 2) genes using Illumina Miseq sequencing technique. The aims were to reveal the spatial distribution of fungal community in the studying area and the relationship between soil fungal community and the environment variables, and provide theoretical bases for the balance and conservation of species diversity in grassland ecosystem. The main results were as follows:? 1 Soil samples were collected from five sampling sites along the precipiation gradient transect and six sampling groups were obtained, including meadow steppe (at Gasong Mount)、Leymus chinensis steppe、Stipa grandis steppe、desert steppe (two sampling groups at Abag Banner) and desert steppe (at Erenhot). At Abag Banner desert steppe, samples were collected from between shrubs and under shrubs. Totally,? 87 soil samples were obtained. After ITS2 sequencing, 406638 fungal ITS2 sequences were obtained. These reads were clustered into 11081 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at 97% similarity. ? 2 The differences of alpha diversity indices between six sampling groups were samll (for example, the maximum differences in the mean values of Simpson indice and Observed OTUs were 0.05 and 219.76, respectively). This result proved that fungal communities distributed widely in the region of Xilinguole League, Inner Mongolia, and fungi had great adaptability for the environmental conditions.? 3 The 11081 OTUs distributed in 8 phyla. Ascomycota was the dominant phylum that accounted for 72.67% of the total relative abundance, followed by Basidiomycota 13.65% and Glomeromycota 2.05%. At the genus level, the average relative abundances of 9 genera were greater than 1.00%, including Fusarium、 Mycocentrospora、Leucoagaricus、Geastrum、Trichocladium、Ciliophora、Preussia、 Glomus and Chalastospora.? 4 Cluster analysis by NMDS (non-metric multidimensional scaling) and UPGMA (unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means) showed that 6 sampling groups could be grouped into two clusters, cluster I contained Gasong Mount meadow steppe, Leymus chinensis steppe and Stipa grandis steppe, and cluster II contained Abag Banner desert steppe (between shrubs), Abag Banner desert steppe (under shrubs) and Erenhot desert steppe. The cluster pattern was similar to those of total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN). Fungal community structure between Abag Banner desert steppe (between shrubs) and Abag Banner desert steppe (under shrubs) was significant different (P < 0.05) by PerMANOVA test, indicating the importance of plant condition on fungal community structure.? 5 Relationship between environmental variables and fungal community structure was analyzed by Mantel test、Partial Mantel test and Spearman correlation analysis. The results showed that mean annual temperature (MAT)、mean annual precipitation (MAP )、total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN ) had significant effects on fungal community composition and structure. Especially, MAP had maximum correlation coefficients in Mantel test and Partial Mantel test, and the values were 0.5455 and 0.3762, respectively. Nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) and conductivity had no significant impacts on fungal community structure, while pH、ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and C:N had moderate impacts.Key words: Soil fungal community, Spatial distribution, Precipitation gradient transect, Eastern Inner Mongolia steppe, ITS Miseq sequencing |
| 中文关键词 | 土壤真菌群落 ; 空间分布 ; 降雨梯度样带 ; 内蒙古东部草原 ; ITS Miseq测序 |
| 英文关键词 | Soil fungal community Spatial distribution Precipitation gradient transect Eastern Inner Mongolia steppe ITS Miseq sequencing |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 生物工程 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287637 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张小元. 内蒙古东部草原土壤真菌群落的结构和多样性[D]. 中国科学院大学,2016. |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
| 个性服务 |
| 推荐该条目 |
| 保存到收藏夹 |
| 导出为Endnote文件 |
| 谷歌学术 |
| 谷歌学术中相似的文章 |
| [张小元]的文章 |
| 百度学术 |
| 百度学术中相似的文章 |
| [张小元]的文章 |
| 必应学术 |
| 必应学术中相似的文章 |
| [张小元]的文章 |
| 相关权益政策 |
| 暂无数据 |
| 收藏/分享 |
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。
