Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 植被修复措施对克拉玛依砾漠区梭梭群落特征的影响 | |
| 其他题名 | Effects of vegetation restoration measures on community characteristics of Haloxylon ammodendron in |
| 杨更强 | |
| 出版年 | 2015 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 严成 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文以恢复生态学理论为指导，以克拉玛依盐渍化砾漠梭梭群落为研究对象，通过对不同灌溉量下梭梭群落特征研究及不同形态地形的植被群落调查、土壤化学性质测定，探讨了微地形及灌溉水量对梭梭群落特征的影响，旨在为砾漠荒漠植被恢复提供科学依据和技术支撑。初步研究结果如下： 1、土垄和深沟不同形态地形改造均能显著增加盐化砾漠区梭梭群落物种种类数、群落多样性和丰富度，降低梭梭群落植物均匀性和优势度；地形改变对土壤ph影响不显著，能够降低土壤表层盐分含量、全盐含量、Na+、Cl-、SO42-含量；盐化砾漠区梭梭群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Patrick丰富度指数、McIntosh均匀度指数与总盐、Cl-达到显著的相关水平，Patrick丰富度指数与SO42-达到显著的相关水平。土垄和深沟2种形态地形改造对盐化砾漠区梭梭群落植被均具有生态恢复的作用，但从物种种类数、群落多样性、土壤盐分含量、土壤盐分离子含量综合分析，深沟对盐渍化砾漠区的恢复效果最好。 2、灌溉水量的增多可以改变梭梭群落物种组成，增加草本密度和盖度及灌木盖度，但对灌木密度影响不显著；灌溉水量对梭梭群落物种多样性影响显著，随着水量的增加物种多样性指数、物种丰富度指数呈现逐渐增加趋势，均匀度指数和优势度指数呈现逐渐下降趋势；由梭梭群落特征指标值可知，当年增补降水量75mm恢复效果最优。 |
| 英文摘要 | Based on the restoration ecology theory, the community characteristics of Haloxylon ammodendron community in the salinization gravel desert of Karamay under different irrigation level was studied, vegetation survey was investigated, and soil chemical properties in different forms of terrain was determined. This paper anylise the effect of different micro-topography and the irrigation water volume on the community characteristics of Haloxylon ammodendron were studied. The study result provided a scientific evidence and the technical support for the vegetation restoration in gravel desert. The results were follow: 1、Different forms of terrain can increase the species number, community diversity and richness, while reduce the uniformity and the dominance of H. ammodendron communities; There is no significant difference in ph among different terrains, but some differences in soil salt content, surface salt levels and Cl-, Na+, SO42--ion content; The increase biomass of dominant species in H. ammodendron community is the main factor for reducing the total salt content，salt content in surface soil，and Cl-, Na+, SO42- of salinization gravel desert. Furthermore, the Shannon-Wiener index, Patrick richness index, McIntosh evenness index have strongly positive correlation with the content of total salt and Cl- ion in soil. The Patrick richness index and SO42- is significantly positive correlation. The results of species number, community diversity, soil salt content and salt ions content show that deep groove is a most effective restoration measure in gravel desert area. 2、Increasing of irrigation water can change the species composition of H. ammodendron community, i.e., increase the density and coverage of herbaceous and shrub, while no significant effect on the shrub density; Effect of irrigation level on species diversity of H. ammodendron community is significant. With irrigation volume increasing, the species diversity index and richness index increase gradually, while the evenness index and the dominance index decrease gradually. The characteristic index values of H. ammodendron community showed that the recovery was optimal when the supplement precipitation was 75mm |
| 中文关键词 | 微地形 ; 植被修复 ; 砾漠 ; 群落特征 |
| 英文关键词 | micro-topography vegetation restoration gravel desert community characteristic |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 环境工程 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287604 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 杨更强. 植被修复措施对克拉玛依砾漠区梭梭群落特征的影响[D]. 中国科学院大学,2015. |
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