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SWEEP风蚀模型在塔里木盆地西北缘的适用性与改进
其他题名Validation and improvement of SWEEP wind erosion model in the Northwest of the Tarim Basin
邳华伟
出版年2014
学位类型硕士
导师冯广龙
学位授予单位中国科学院大学
中文摘要WEPS作为目前最为通用的土壤风蚀预报模型，在世界上许多国家和地区得到过广泛验证。本文选取塔里木盆地西北部枣园、棉田和沙漠三种典型的下垫面，对比分析了SWEEP (WEPS模型的侵蚀子模型)在该研究区的适用性。在2012和2013年多场大风事件中，通过野外试验测定SWEEP参数、土壤损失量和沙沉通量。结果显示：对于三个不同下垫面SWEEP预测精度各异。在沙漠点，尽管该模型表现出对总风蚀沙沉通量的高估（y=3.972x，R2=0.370；模型相似指数为0.319），但对风蚀蠕移质有着较好的模拟(模型相似指数为0.645)；模型显示出对风蚀跃移质和悬移质的高估；在棉田和枣园实验点，该模型总是模拟出0值风蚀量的结果，这一发现与以往的研究结果相类似；三个不同下垫面的对比中，沙漠点比棉田和枣园两个农田下垫面有更大的风蚀强度，风蚀强度从14.65 kg?m-1到285.54 kg?m-1。模型表现出对风蚀强度较大的事件（沙漠点沙沉通量均值为75.25 kg?m-1）模拟较好，而对风蚀风蚀强度较小的事件（土壤损失量均值<131.53 g?m-2）模拟效果不佳。 对临界摩阻速度的高估可能是该模型未能准确模拟风蚀事件发生的原因之一。摩阻速度(u*)和临界摩阻速度(u*t)是SWEEP最重要的两个参数。当u*>u*t 时，该模型开始模拟风蚀。因此，本文改变SWEEP临界摩阻速度的算法来提高该模型的预测精度。本文替换SWEEP的临界摩阻速度的算法为实测值的和其它主要风蚀模型的临界摩阻速度的算法，这些临界摩阻速度的算法包括Lu and Shao 模型, Shao模型, 德克萨斯侵蚀分析模型模型（TEAM）和欧洲土壤风蚀模型 (WEELS)。结果表明：在多场大风事件之下，尽管改进后的模型会有高估土壤损失量的问题，但是对于SWEEP未能准确模拟风蚀事件的发生这一问题，确实可以通过改进其计算临界摩阻速度的算法而得到解决。这一改进在一定程度上提高了模型的预测精度。
英文摘要The Wind Erosion Prediction System (WPES) is the most popular wind erosion model, which have been tested widely in many countries and regions of the world. The study tested the WEPS erosion submodel (the Single-event Wind Erosion Evaluation Program or SWEEP) under cotton field, red date orchard, and desert three contrasting land use types in Northwest region of the Tarim Basin. In the light of the field experiment, input parameters for SWEEP, wind erosion soil loss and flux was measured in three landscapes during the spring of 2012 and 2013. The results showed: SWEEP appeared different performance in the three contrasting land use types. In the desert filed, although the model appear overestimation of the total soil flux （y=3.972x，R2=0.370；model performance index of agreement=0.319）, high values for the index of agreement(0.645) suggest that the model appear good performance in simulating creep; The model appeared to over predict total soil loss as a result of overestimating saltation and suspension; the model simulated zero erosion for all high wind events in the cotton field and red date orchard; comparison the three contrasting land use types, the desert had the stronger wind erosion than cotton field and red date orchard, ranging from 14.65 kg?m-1 to 285.54 kg?m-1. The model appeared good performance in simulating big wind erosion event (The average soil flux is 75.25 kg?m-1), however the bad performance in simulating small wind erosion event (soil loss < 131.53 g ?m-2). SWEEP simulated zero erosion owing to the overestimation of the threshold friction velocity. Friction velocity (u*) and threshold friction velocity (u*t) are two most important parameters for SWEEP. The model simulates soil erosion only when the friction velocity exceeds the threshold friction velocity. Therefore the study test the performance of the SWEEP model by replacing the simulated with measured values or other estimates of based upon algorithms used in the Lu and Shao model, Shao model, Texas Tech Erosion Analysis Model (TEAM), and Wind Erosion on European Light Soils (WEELS) model. The occurrence of erosion from agricultural lands during high wind events was better estimated by the SWEEP model using algorithms of Lu and Shao, Shao, and TEAM. Our results suggest that while the magnitude of erosion was underestimated or overestimated by the SWEEP and modified SWEEP models, the occurrence of erosion events can be better simulated using other algorithms to estimate in the SWEEP model. We improve the predicted ability of the model to some extent.
中文关键词WEPS ; SWEEP ; 塔里木盆地 ; 蠕移 ; 临界摩阻速度
英文关键词WEPS SWEEP Tarim Basin Creep threshold friction velocity
语种中文
国家中国
来源学科分类自然地理学
来源机构中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型学位论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287441
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714		 邳华伟. SWEEP风蚀模型在塔里木盆地西北缘的适用性与改进[D]. 中国科学院大学,2014.
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