Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 藏北高原地表特征参数动态变化规律及其对地气通量的影响 | |
| 其他题名 | Dynamic Changes of Surfaces Parameters and Its Impact on Surface Fluxes Over the Northern of Tibetan Plateau |
| 杨耀先 | |
| 出版年 | 2014 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 李茂善 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 地表特征参数作为影响陆气间能量、水分交换的动力因子，不仅能够反映出下垫面的特征，还是刻画陆气间物质、能量及水分交换过程的强弱、大小的重要参数。同样，在数值模式中，地表特征参数及相关参数化方案的合理与否直接影响着地气通量的模拟效果。因此，研究地表特征参数动态变化规律及其对地气通量的影响显得很有意义。 利用中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所那曲高寒气候与环境观测研究站BJ站2012年全年的自动气象站观测资料以及大气湍流观资料，应用一种独立的确定地表动力学粗糙度Z0m的方法，计算了地表动力学粗糙度Z0m在一定的时间尺度（月-季）尺度上的动态变化：地表动力学粗糙度Z0m在一定的时间尺度（月-季）尺度上存在着动态变化，在高原季风前到高原季风盛行期，逐渐增大，在高原季风盛行期到高原季风衰退期逐渐减小；并利用两种关于热力学粗糙度Z0h的参数化方案（曾旭斌等方展的参数化方案：Z98和阳坤等发展的参数化方案：Y07b）对此参数及附加阻尼KB-1进行了计算分析，在高原季风前期及衰退期，KB-1存在着较大的日变化，而在高原季风期变动幅度最小，并在夜间存在着幅度较小的波动。由两种不同的参数化方案得出的KB-1的数值及日变化规律均有差异，通过与观测资料直接计算结果的比对，Y07b 方案较为理想。分析拟合了两种反照率参数化方案：乘积关系和累加关系，乘积关系的反照率参数化方案在动态变化规律及具体数值上，更加接近观测值。然后，利用理想天气（晴好天气）条件下的反照率观测资料，对拟合出的两种关于反照率的参数化方案进行了验证。 应用CoLM模式，设置数值模拟的敏感性/控制试验：替换CoLM模式中设定的动力学粗糙度；耦合Z98和Y07b两种热力学粗糙度参数化方案；耦合拟合出的两类反照率参数化方案（乘积关系和累加关系）进行模拟试验，将模拟结果与实际观测值进行比较、评估，认为替换CoLM模式中设定的动力学粗糙度后，在高原季风盛行期和高原季风衰退期，模式对感热、潜热通量的模拟有了一定提升；改进热力学粗糙度参数化后，无论在高原季风盛行期还是季风衰退期，利用Y07b热力学粗糙度参数化方案，模式对感热通量的模拟有了显著地提升；改进反照率参数化方法后，线性相加关系和乘积关系的参数化方案在高原季风盛行期和高原季风衰退期，对向上短波辐射通量、净辐射通量、感热通量、潜热通量的模拟有了一定的改进。其中，乘积关系的参数化方案对通量模拟性能的改进，较之线性相加关系方案，更为显著。 关键词：藏北高原 地气通量 地表特征参数 动态变化 数值模拟 |
| 英文摘要 | As the dynamic factor on energy, water exchange on the land surface, the surface parameters not only can show the characteristics of the surface, but also determine the extent on the mass, energy, water exchange processes. At the same time, the certainty of surface parameters and parameterization schemes in the land surface model will have an influence on the result of surface fluxes modeling. So, research on the dynamic change and its impact on surface fluxes show a great significance. In this thesis, using the turbulent data and meteorological exploration data during period of 2012 at Nagqu station of Plateau Climate and Environment(NPCE), Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy Sciences,the aerodynamic roughness Z0m, the thermal roughness Z0h and excess resistance KB-1 was calculated and analyzed. The aerodynamic roughness Z0m was determined through an independent method, and two schemes about surface albedo was fitted. Combining with Common Land model, the control/contrast experiments have been conducted. The result shows that : 1. The aerodynamic roughness Z0m shows a dynamic change during the particular time scale (monthly-seasonal). It increases from pre-monsoon season to monsoon season, however, decreases from monsoon season to post-monsoon season. In general, this change has a close relationship with plateau monsoon phenomena. 2. Excess resistance KB-1 has different diurnal and seasonal changes during the period of pre-monsoon season, monsoon season, post-monsoon season. KB-1 has a more evident diurnal change during pre-monsoon season and post-monsoon season, however has an indifferent diurnal change during monsoon season. KB-1 also has a slight fluctuate in the night. Through the comparison with the result calculated from exploration data, Y07b scheme shows a more rational result. 3. Two fitted schemes about surface albedo, the multiplied one is more closely to the observation data, so it reflects the dynamic change of surface albedo more exactly. 4. Combining with CoLM model, the control/contrast experiments show the result: Replace the aerodynamic roughness Z0m which set in CoLM model have impact on surface fluxes modeling; Y07b scheme show a more accurate result on its diurnal change during monsoon season and post-monsoon, Coupling this scheme in CoLM model improves surface fluxes modeling; the multiplied scheme improves surface fluxes modeling because it shows the characteristics of diurnal change more accurate. Key words: The north of Tibetan Plateau Surface parameters Surface fluxes Dynamic changes Numerical Modeling |
| 中文关键词 | 藏北高原 ; 地气通量 ; 地表特征参数 ; 动态变化 ; 数值模拟 |
| 英文关键词 | The north of Tibetan Plateau Surface parameters Surface fluxes Dynamic changes Numerical Modeling |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 气象学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287401 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 杨耀先. 藏北高原地表特征参数动态变化规律及其对地气通量的影响[D]. 中国科学院大学,2014. |
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