Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 天山科其喀尔冰川运动特征研究 | |
| 其他题名 | Study on the flow features of the Koxkar Glacier |
| 鲁红莉 | |
| 出版年 | 2014 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 韩海东 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 冰川运动与冰体所处的地形条件、水热条件、动态物质平衡等密切相关，能直接反映气候变化，是冰川研究的主要内容。通过精确监测各冰川的变化，研究冰川运动的机理，利用冰川动力学模式来模拟预估冰川未来的变化，这有利于我国西部干旱区环境与经济的可持续发展。托木尔峰地区是天山最大的冰川分布区，是阿克苏地区主要水资源补给地，正确评估该区的冰川现状非常重要，所以我选取托木尔峰地区的科其喀尔冰川为研究对象。基于2009-2013年科其喀尔冰川的花杆观测资料，以冰川运动、物质平衡及其他数据为基础，对其消融区的表面运动特征及其表面应力进行分析。主要研究结果如下： （1）纵向来看，水平运动速度表现出向冰舌末端逐渐减小的规律。消融区冰川东支的水平运动速度大于冰川西支，消融区冰川年水平运动速度最大值出现在冰川东支。 （2）垂直运动速度虽然也表现出随海拔逐渐增大的规律，但表现出一定的波动。消融区冰川年垂直运动速度最大值出现在冰川西支。 （3） 冰川表面的平均应变率为 -0.027，说明冰川整体的运动速度有减小的趋势，冰川被挤压。 （4） 多年平均水平运动速度为 30.94m/a，变差系数为0.06，说明该冰川的水平运动速度的年际变化较小。 （5）多年平均垂直运动速度为 3.54m/a，变差系数为0.24，说明该冰川的垂直运动速度的年际变化较大。 （6）夏季月水平运动速度6月份最大，9月最小。夏季月水平运动速度大于冬季月水平运动速度。 （7）夏季月平均垂直运动速度为0.45m/month，月间变差系数为0.26，说明该冰川垂直运动速度的年内变化较大，这与各月之间较大的气温差异、降水差异和物质平衡差异有关。夏季月垂直运动速度明显大于冬季月垂直运动速度。 （8）估算出科其喀尔冰川冰舌区的流变系数 A为 3.68×10-16 m·pa-3·a-1，底部平均滑动量为 1.78 m/a，仅占表面运动速度的 8.5%。 |
| 英文摘要 | The glacier movements are related to their terrain conditions, water and heat conditions, and the dynamic mass balance, etc. Glacier movement can reflect climate change directly and is the main content of glacier research. By monitoring the changes of each glacier, studying the glacier movement mechanism, we can utilize the glacier model better to simulate the future changes of the glaciers, which has important implications for sustainable development of environment and economy in China’s western arid region. Tuomuer region is the largest distribution area of glacier in Tianshan, and the glaciers supply the main water resource for Aksu Prefecture. Because of the important status of glaciers in local water resource, it’s important to assess the current status and future changes of the glaciers in this area properly. The Koxkar glacier is located at Tuomuer area, is a large valley glacier. Based on highresolution GPS measurements on the Koxkar glacier, detailed ice flow data were derived for the period between the year 2009 and 2013, so that the spatialtemporal variations of ice motion and surface strain rate of the Koxkar glacier could be analyzed. The results are as following: (1) The glacier flow velocities in the longitudinal direction are decrease toward the glacier terminal. It’s found that annual surface velocities of the east branch in ablation area are faster than the west branch.The maximum annual horizontal velocity of Koxkar Glacier in ablation area appeared in the east branch. (2) Although the vertical velocities in the longitudinal direction are also decrease toward the glacier terminal,but showing some fluctuations. The maximum annual vertical velocity of Koxkar Glacier in ablation area appeared in the west branch. (3) The average surface strain rate ε is minus 0.027, indicating that ice velocity is reducing, and the ice is squeezed much shorter in the longitudinal. (4) The annual average horizontal velocity of Koxkar Glacier is 30.94 m/a , interannual variation coefficient is 0.06. It shows that the interannual changes of the horizontal velocity are still small. (5) The annual average vertical velocity of Koxkar Glacier is 3.54m/a , interannual variation coefficient is 0.24. It shows that the interannual changes of the vertical velocity are relatively large. (6) The average horizontal velocity of June is maximum and the average horizontal velocity of September is minimum among the monthly average horizontal velocity of the summer seasons (from May to September) in ablation area of Koxkar glacier. In total, the average horizontal velocity in summer is higher than that in winter. (7) The monthly average vertical velocity in summer seasons is 0.45m/month, and the variation coefficient is 0.26. It shows that the seasonal changes of the monthly average vertical velocity are large. It is relatedto temperature, precipitation and mass balance differences of the months. the average vertical velocity in summer is obviously higher than that in winter. (8) The rheological coefficients(A) is 3.68*10-16 m·pa-3·a-1 of Koxkar glacier in ablation area, and the average sliding speed is 1.78m/a at the bottom of the glacier, only accounting for 8.5% of the surface velocity. |
| 中文关键词 | 科其喀尔冰川 ; 消融区 ; 水平运动速度 ; 垂直运动速度 ; 表面应变率 |
| 英文关键词 | Koxkar glacier Ablation area Horizontal velocity vertical velocity Surface strain rate |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 自然地理学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287400 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 鲁红莉. 天山科其喀尔冰川运动特征研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2014. |
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