Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 祁连山老虎沟流域冰川融水径流变化研究 | |
| 其他题名 | Study on the Change of Glacial Melt-water of the Laohugou Basin ,Qilian Mountains |
| 张雪艳 | |
| 出版年 | 2014 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 秦翔 ; 吴锦奎 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 在全球变暖背景下，冰川变化对以冰川融水补给为主的河流影响巨大。为探讨干旱区高海拔地区冰川对气候变化的响应，本研究利用老虎沟冰川流域2009年完整消融期和2012年部分消融时段的冰川水文、气象观测资料，分析了老虎沟流域的冰川融水径流变化特征。并与历史水文资料对比，剖析了2009年与1959-1960年的冰川融水径流变化情况，重建并分析了老虎沟冰川流域1957-2012年的冰川融水径流过程曲线。具体结果如下： (1)通过分析2009年5-9月和2012年6-7月的实测水文资料，对老虎沟12号冰川的融水径流特征进行分析。结果显示，6-8月是冰川强消融期，消融量占年内总量的73%；流量峰谷值到达时间滞后于气温峰、谷值到达时间4小时；晴天时日洪峰流量是最小流量的7倍；降水对末端径流量的补给贡献率约为22%。 (2) 老虎沟12号冰川2009年的径流模数和径流深分别为66L?s-1?km-2、1142mm，分别比1959-1960年的径流模数和径流深增加47%和92%，说明老虎沟12号冰川区近50a年气候环境发生了很大变化，气温升高，消融增强，引起径流量增大。 (3) 通过对比分析老虎沟12号冰川2009年与1959-1960年的径流资料， 2009年的径流量增加了0.27×108 m3。夏季径流量的增加是由于夏季气温和降水的共同升高造成的，而春季、秋季径流量的显著增加是由于春季和秋季的明显升温造成的。 (4) 根据重建的老虎沟地区1957-2012年的气温资料，并根据气温-流量较好的相关关系，利用资料统计的方法反演出老虎沟12号冰川1957-2012年的融水径流量。1957-2012年夏季（6-8月）平均径流量占消融期总径流量的91.9%，7-8月径流占消融期总径流量的77.7%，老虎沟12号冰川的融水径流年内分配具有明显的极大陆型冰川特征；老虎沟12号冰川1957-2012年间的冰川融水径流变差系数为0.34。 |
| 英文摘要 | Under the background of climate warming, the impact of glacier variation on those rivers which were mainly dominted from glacier melt runoff is great. In order to investigate the response of high-altitude glaciers in arid regions to climate change, in situ hydrological and meteorological data from field measurements (2009 and 2012) was analyzed regarding melt water characteristics in Laohugou Glacier basin. On the basis of the seniors’ research, comparing with the history hydrological data, we dissected the changes of glacier melt-water between 2009 and 1959-1960.At last, by refactoring the glacier melt runoff of 1957-2012, we analyzed the glacier melt water change process during the past 56 years. The results were obtained as following: (1) By analyzing the measured hydrological data in May-September, 2009 and June-July, 2012, glacier melt water exhibited following characteristics: the period of June to August was the strongest ablation time, during which the runoff was 73% of the whole year, 2009. The Q-T time lag was 4 hours. Daily max-discharge was 7 times as much as its daily minimum discharge during the sunny days. (2) Glacier runoff modulus and runoff depth during 2009 was calculated resulting in runoff modulus as 66L?s-1?km-2and the runoff depth was1142mm. The results were 47% and 92% of the M and H in 1960s, indicating strong changes in climatic impacts on environment including increase in temperature, ablation and runoff. (3) Comparison of runoff data during 2012 against 1959-60 indicated increment in runoff to 2.7×107 m3. The increasing of both temperature and precipitation in summer resulted the increasing of summer runoff, and the obvious temperature increasing in spring and autumn resulted the runoff increasing in spring and autumn. (4) According to the refactoring temperature of 1957-2012, the glacier melt-runoff in 1957-2012 was derived. By calculating the annual distribution of glacier melt-runoff, summer (June to August) runoff was found to be 91.9% of the total runoff, while the runoff from July to August was 77.7% of the total runoff. Those results proved that the No.12 Laohugou Glacier has obvious characteristics of continental glacier. Inter annual variation coefficient of No12 Laohugou Glacier during 1957-2012 was 0.34. |
| 中文关键词 | 老虎沟冰川流域 ; 气候变暖 ; 冰川融水径流 ; 水文特征 ; 径流重建 |
| 英文关键词 | Laohugou glacier basin climate warming glacier melt runoff hydrology characteristics runoff refactoring. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 地图学与地理信息系统 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287398 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张雪艳. 祁连山老虎沟流域冰川融水径流变化研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2014. |
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