Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 黑河下游胡杨不同季节的光合变化特性研究 | |
| 其他题名 | Research of photosynthetic seasonal variation characteristics of Populus euphratica Oliv in the lowe |
| 刘晓晴 | |
| 出版年 | 2014 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 常宗强 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 胡杨是生活在我国西北干旱荒漠中的乔木树种，对维持我国西北地区脆弱的生态平衡具有重要的作用。光合作用是植物受到胁迫后影响最明显的生理过程之一，对胡杨的光合特性深入研究将有助于阐明胡杨的光合机理及其干旱适应机制。 本研究对黑河下游阿拉善荒漠水文站胡杨林试验地内幼龄胡杨异形叶不同月份（2013年5月—9月）的气体交换参数、叶绿素荧光诱导动力学参数和叶绿素含量的季节变化进行了测定和分析，同时利用Western Blot技术对胡杨锯齿卵圆形叶光合蛋白的表达量进行了测定，并对锯齿卵圆形叶光合生理参数的季节变化特征与光合蛋白表达量的耦合关系进行了初步探讨，研究结果如下： （1）胡杨披针形叶和锯齿卵圆形叶光合速率日均值的季节变化趋势一致，均为7月＞6月＞8月＞9月＞5月。且锯齿卵圆形叶各月光合速率均值均大于披针形叶，分别为9.27±0.02μmolCO2?m-2?s-1，7.69±0.04μmolCO2?m-2?s-1。 （2）5-9月，胡杨披针形叶和锯齿卵圆形叶的叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线均属于典型的OJIP曲线；锯齿卵圆形叶的光系统II(PSII)原初光能转换效率（Fv/Fm）和PSII的潜在活性（Fv/Fo）、光能利用参数（PI）高于披针形叶，都在7月达到最高；锯齿卵圆形叶的QA-的积累量（Vj）、QA还原的相对速率（Mo）小于披针形叶，但季节变化趋势基本一致，均以7月份最低；锯齿卵圆形叶的反应中心密度（RC/CSo）、单位横截面积上电子传递能量（ETo/CSo）高于披针形叶，单位横截面积上耗散的能量（DIo/CSo）以及单位反应中心上的能量流参数（ABS/RC、ETo/RC、TRo/RC、DIo/RC）低于披针形叶。额济纳在7月达到全年最高温、最强光照，此时胡杨异形叶的反应中心密度（RC/CSo）最低，通过减少反应中心的数量来降低对光能的吸收，从而避免产生光抑制；锯齿卵圆形叶用于光化学反应和电子传递的能量比例（ΦPo、Ψo、ΦEo）大于披针形叶，非光化学猝灭的最大量子产额（ΦDo）小于披针形叶。胡杨异形叶的ΦPo、Ψo、ΦEo的季节变化趋势基本一致，都是7月份最大，5月份最低。而ΦDo的季节变化趋势则相反，5月份最大，7月份最低。 （3）5-9月，胡杨锯齿卵圆形叶的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素含量均高于披针形叶，且季节变化趋势一致，基本表现为7月＞6月＞8月＞5月＞9月。胡杨锯齿卵圆形叶叶绿素a/b比值均低于披针形叶，且季节变化趋势与叶绿素含量变化完全相反，为9月＞5月＞8月＞6月＞7月。胡杨光合能力参数与叶绿素含量关系的相关分析表明，叶绿素含量越多，叶绿素a/b比值越小，光合能力越强。 （4）胡杨锯齿卵圆形叶的PSII反应中心蛋白（D1、D2）、外周捕光色素蛋白（LHCII）、细胞色素b6f复合物（Cytb6f）、PSI反应中心蛋白（PsaA）和ATP合成酶（ATPase）等光合蛋白均以7月份的表达量最大。5、6月份由于环境的不稳定性以及胡杨自身的生长发育的局限性，光合蛋白的表达量较低。8、9月份由于胡杨叶片逐渐衰老，温度逐渐降低，PSII反应中心蛋白D1、D2较7月份出现较明显的降解。通过分析胡杨锯齿卵圆形叶光合蛋白表达量的季节变化差异与光合气体交换特性、叶绿素荧光诱导动力学特性季节变化显示，胡杨锯齿卵圆形叶光合生理参数的季节变化与光合蛋白表达量成线性关系，光合蛋白表达量的季节变化差异是光合气体交换特性和叶绿素荧光诱导动力学季节变化的物质基础。 |
| 英文摘要 | Populus euphratica Oliv was predominantly distributed in western China and widely cultivated as important horticultural plants in semi-arid, saline areas. Natural populations of P. euphratica had played important roles in environmental stabilization. The photosynthesis is one of the most obvious affected physiological process under different stress. Thus, there is interest in studying the photosynthetic characteristics in trees, and P. euphratica appears to be one of the most promising model systems for such studies. The experiment was conducted in the P. euphratica forests of the Alashan Desert Eco-hydrology Experimental Research Station, in the lower reaches of the Heihe River from May to Septemper. The parameters of gas exchange, the fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves and the chlorophyll content in heteromophic leaves of P. euphratica were measured. Meanwhile, the photosynthetic proteins of dentate broad-ovate leaves were determined by Western Blot. The main results showed as following: (1) The seasonal variation trend of photosynthetic rate in dentate broad-ovate leaves was the same as which in lanceolate leaves. The variations of daily means of photosynthetic rate ordered as July＞June＞August＞September＞May. The daily means of photosynthetic rate of dentate broad-ovate leaves were always higher than that of lanceolate leaves. The daily means of photosynthetic rate of dentate broad-ovate leaves and lanceolate leaves were 9.27±0.02μmolCO2?m-2?s-1 and 7.69±0.04μmolCO2?m-2?s-1. (2) From May to September, the fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves of heteromorphic leaves were typical OJIP induction curves. The results indicated that the dentate broad-ovate leaves had the higher maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) (Fv/Fm), potential activity of PSII (Fv/Fo), vitality indices (PI), active reaction centers per cross-section (RC/CSo), electron transport flux per cross-section （ETo/CSo），the fluxes ratios (ΦPo、Ψo、ΦEo). And all the above parameters reached the maximum in July. However, the initial slope of fluorescence intensity (M0), fluorescence intensity at the J step (Vj), energy fluxes per reaction center (ABS/RC、ETo/RC、TRo/RC、DIo/RC), maximum quantum yield of non-photochemical deexcitation (ΦDo) of the dentate broad-ovate leaves were lower than the lanceolate leaves. And the M0 and Vj of heteromorphic leaves reached the minimum in July. However, active reaction centers per cross-section of both dentate broad-ovate leaves and lanceolate leaves were minimum in July to avoid photoinhibition. (3) From May to September, the dentate broad-ovate leaves had the higher chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll contents. The seasonal variation trend of chlorophyll content in dentate broad-ovate leaves was the same as lanceolate leaves. The variations trend as July＞June＞August＞May＞September. During the whole growing season, the dentate broad-ovate leaves had the lower chlorophyll a/b ratio. The seasonal variation trend of chlorophyll a/b ratio was opposite to that of chlorophyll content. The results showed that the higher chlorophyll content and the lower chlorophyll a/b ratio lead to the high photosynthetic capacity (4) The PSII reaction center D1 and D2 proteins, the light-harvesting complex II, PSI reaction center PsaA protein, cytochrome b6f and ATP synthetise enzyme contents of the dentate broad-ovate leaves were higher in July. In May and June, due to the instability of environment and the limitations of its own development, photosynthesis proteins contents of the dentate broad-ovate leaves were lower. For the aging of the blade and lower temperature, the PSII reaction center D1 and D2 proteins degraded obviously in August and September. According to the analysis of the relationship among photosynthetic proteins, the parameters of gas exchange and the fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves, the results showed that a linear correlation between the photosynthetic physiological paramet |
| 中文关键词 | 胡杨 ; 光合生理参数 ; 叶绿素荧光动力学 ; 光合蛋白 ; 耦合关系 |
| 英文关键词 | Populus euphratica Oliv photosynthetic physiological parameters the fast chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves photosynthetic proteins coupling relationship |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 自然地理学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287389 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 刘晓晴. 黑河下游胡杨不同季节的光合变化特性研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2014. |
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