Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 基于水化学的混合单元模型模拟额济纳盆地地下水侧向补给量 | |
| 其他题名 | Analyses of groundwater chemistry dynamics and the controlling factors in Ejina Delta and simulation for the lateral recharges of Ejina Basin |
| 王丹丹 | |
| 出版年 | 2014 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 于静洁 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 额济纳盆地处于黑河下游极端干旱地区，浅层地下水水量、盐度是植被生长与演替的重要因素，受地表河水补给/生态输水影响显著。研究额济纳三角洲地下水水化学动态变化及原因并基于水化学数据模拟量化额济纳盆地的侧向补给量，对评价生态输水效果及制定生态环境保护政策具有重要意义。本研究以2011-2013年期间6期地下水水化学数据为基础，采用空间插值、统计分析、piper图等方法研究额济纳三角洲地区的地下水水化学空间分布特征、时间变化特征及动态变化原因。基于三角洲的水化学数据、分析前人相关研究成果扩充数据至额济纳盆地，采用混合单元模型（Mixing cell model）模拟量化额济纳盆地的侧向补给量。主要结论如下： （1）地下水水化学在沿河道方向TDS值、各离子浓度及变异系数不断增加，水化学类型由HCO3型向SO4型演变；垂直河道方向上，距河道较近地区的地下水TDS值及各离子浓度均较小，随距河道距离增加离子浓度呈增加-降低-稳定的变化规律，在河水影响边界存在地下水水化学峰值带。（2）2001-2009-2011年地下水TDS值及各离子浓度呈先减小，后增加趋势，与生态输水量呈良好负相关关系，水化学类型发生SO4型-Cl型-SO4型转变；生态输水间歇期较输水期地下水水化学各离子浓度显著增加，但水化学类型未发生改变。（3）在额济纳三角洲不同的地下水动态变化类型区，水化学动态特征也不同。位于戈壁地区的稳定变化类型，TDS值及各离子浓度均较高且变化稳定，主要受蒸散发作用影响；位于河岸地区的响应变化型，TDS值及各离子浓度均较低且动态显著，对河水响应敏感；位于农田-绿洲地区的复杂变化型，TDS值及各离子浓度极大且空间变异性强，主要受抽水-回灌作用影响。（4）混合单元模型模拟获得额济纳盆地侧向补给量总量是1.79×108m3/a，其中鼎新盆地的侧向补给量是0.71×108m3/a，巴丹吉林沙漠的侧向补给量是1.08×108m3/a，模型模拟的水量平衡误差是7.73%。 |
| 英文摘要 | Ejina Basin is an extremely arid area located in the lower reaches of Heihe River Basin in northwest China. The quantity and chemistry of shallow groundwater are the key factors for maintaining vegetation growth in the region. Shallow groundwater chemistry dynamic and the controlling factors of it in Ejina Delta were analyzed as well as the lateral recharge of Ejina Basin was quantified based on water chemistry. This research was very important to evaluate ecologic water conveyance effect and develop policies of ecological and environmental protection. In this paper, based on groundwater chemistry data from 2011 to 2013, the spatial distribution and temporal variation of shallow groundwater as well as its controlling factors of dynamic were studied, using spatial interpolation, statistical analysis, piper diagram methods and so on. The lateral recharge of the Ejina basin was quantitied by using mixing cell model. The results are as follows: （1）TDS value, the average content of main ions and space variation coefficient in shallow groundwater increased along the direction of groundwater flow and the groundwater chemistry evolved from HCO3 to SO4 type. In the vertical direction of the river, TDS value and the average content of main ions went through increase - reduce - stable change with increasing distance from the river while they were both very low near the river because main ions in shallow groundwater were dissolved and accumulated in the process of river water movement and a belt with the highest content of TDS existed at the influence boundary of river. （2）TDS value and the average content of main ions reduced from 2001 to 2009, while increasing from 2009 to 2011 with significant negative correlation of ecologic water conveyance quantity. Chemistry evolved from SO4 type to Cl type and then turned back to SO4 type. After ecologic water conveyance shallow groundwater chemistry type in Ejina Delta did not change obviously, whereas TDS value and the average content of main ions increased significantly, along with considerable increasing of space variation coefficient. （3）Steadily-change type, sensitively-change type and intricately-change type are three types of shallow groundwater dynamic in Ejina Delta. Steadily-change type was located in the gobi area, where TDS value and the average content of main ions were high and stable as the the controlling factor was evapotranspiration. Sensitively-change type was located in riparian zone, where TDS value and the average content of main ions were low and responsed sensitively to the ecologic water conveyance. Intricately-change type was located in farmland-oasis region, where TDS value and the average content of main ions were very high and strongly spatial variability, mainly affected by pumping-injection.（4）The total amount of lateral recharge for Ejina basin was 1.79×108m3/a, while the lateral recharge came from Badain Jaran Desert was 1.08×108m3/a and the lateral recharge from Innovate Basin was 0.71×108m3/a. The mixing cell model’s error of water balance is 7.73%. |
| 中文关键词 | 水化学动态 ; 混合单元模型 ; 侧向补给量 ; 额济纳三角洲 ; 额济纳盆地 |
| 英文关键词 | Groundwater chemistry dynamic Mixing cell model lateral recharge Ejina Delta Ejina Basin |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 自然地理学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287353 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王丹丹. 基于水化学的混合单元模型模拟额济纳盆地地下水侧向补给量[D]. 中国科学院大学,2014. |
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