Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 新疆灌木地景观生态分类研究 | |
| 其他题名 | Study on landscape ecology classification of shrubland in Xinjiang |
| 宗召磊 | |
| 出版年 | 2013 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 周华荣 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文以新疆灌木群落为研究对象，通过对国内外灌木群落、景观分类研究文献分析，建立了灌木地景观概念；针对新疆灌木地景观的特点，提出了新疆灌木地景观生态分类方法，构建了新疆灌木地景观生态分类系统。以Arcgis为技术支撑，根据新疆灌木地景观生态分类系统的特点，通过对研究区域地形地貌、土地利用类型、植被类型等专题图件的配准、融合、相切和叠加，绘制了新疆灌木地景观分布图，初步统计出新疆灌木地景观面积分布属性。研究成果将为创建和完善灌木地景观地理学理论奠定学科基础，为新疆灌木植物保护和灌木植物资源的合理开发利用提供科学依据。主要研究结论如下： （1）将灌木地景观定义为以一定的灌木群落为主，与一定的地球表面气候、土壤、地貌、生物成分形成的一种具有重复性格局的异质性地理单元。 （2）确定了灌木地景观生态分类中遵循的等级性原则、尺度性原则、地域分异规律原则、异质性和均匀性相结合原则、综合性原则、主导因子原则和定性与定量相结合原则。 （3）地貌作为灌木地景观生态分类的最高级指标，对应着中尺度，主要反映地表结构分异；灌木群落的结构和外貌作为灌木地景观生态分类的第二级指标，对应着中小尺度，主要反映土壤、小气候等生境特点；灌木群落的建群种种类作为灌木地景观生态分类最小单元的指标，对应着小尺度，主要反映构成灌木地景观斑块的灌木群落植物种类组成、生物生产力及动态特点。 （4）灌木地景观生态类型划分为灌木地景观区、灌木地景观类和灌木地景观型三级分类体系。新疆灌木地景观生态类型可划分为3个景观区、9个景观类、97个景观型。 （5）绘制了新疆灌木地景观分布图，初步统计出山地灌丛灌木地景观区约占新疆总面积的0.307%；平原灌丛灌木地景观区约占0.182%；荒漠灌木地景观区约占37.883%，为新疆灌木地景观分布最广的类型。 |
| 英文摘要 | The present study built the concept of shrubland landscape by analyzing and discussing the research literatures of landscape classification and shrub community between our country and others. Based on the characteristics of shrubland landscape, the paper proposed the method of shrubland landscape classification and built the classification system of shrubland landscape. The distribution of the shrubland landscape of Xinjiang was mapped by adjusting, dissolving and overlying the thematic maps in Arcgis, such as the map of topography, landuse and vegetation. Then, the preliminary distribution properties of shrubland landscape in Xinjiang were analysed. This study will improve the geography theory of shrubland landscape, and provide innovative ideas for protection and reasonable utilization of shrubs in Xinjiang. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Shrubland landscape is defined as a repetitive pattern of heterogeneity geographical unit, which is formed by certain shrubs, with some of the earth's surface climate, soil, topography and biological components. (2) The principles for shrubland landscape classification have been confirmed, such as hierarchy, scale, regional differentiation, heterogeneity and uniformity, leading factor, combining qualitative and quantitative. (3) Geomorphology is the superlative index of the shrubland landscape classification, which mainly reflects the difference of surface structure; the structure and appearance of shrub community that mainly reflects the characteristics of soil and microclimate is the second index of shrubland landscape classification; the species of the shrub community are the smallest index of shrubland landscape classification, which mainly reflect the composition of species, biological productivity and dynamic characteristics of shrub community. (4) Shrubland landscape types were divided into three-layer classification system, that is, landscape region, landscape type and landscape unit. Shrubland landscape of Xinjiang was divided into three landscape regions, nine landscape types and ninety seven landscape units. (5) The shrubland landscape of Xinjiang was mapped. The montane thicket shrubland landscape region accounts for about 0.307%; the plains shrubs shrubland landscape region accounts for about 0.182%; the desert shrubland landscape region accounts for about 37.883%, which is the massively distributed shrubland landscape region in Xinjiang. |
| 中文关键词 | 灌木地景观 ; 景观生态分类系统 ; 景观分布图 ; 新疆 |
| 英文关键词 | shrubland landscape the classification system of landscape landscape distribution map Xinjiang |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 环境科学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287300 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 宗召磊. 新疆灌木地景观生态分类研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2013. |
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