Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 疏叶骆驼刺根系分株生理整合特征研究 | |
| 其他题名 | Clonal integration of a root-derived clonal plant Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. |
| 罗维成 | |
| 出版年 | 2013 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 曾凡江 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 克隆植物存在于几乎所有的生态系统中，克隆植物影响着群落的物种组成、物种多样性以及群落的格局与动态。根据克隆型的不同可将克隆植物分为根茎（rhizomatous）型克隆植物、匍匐茎型（stoloniferous）克隆植物和根源型克隆植物（root-derived clonal plant）等很多类型。而目前国内外对于克隆植物的研究大多是针对根状茎、块茎型和匍匐茎型克隆植物，对于根源型克隆植物的研究很少，而对于多年生根源型克隆植物的研究更是少见。 疏叶骆驼刺（Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.）（以下简称“骆驼刺”）是生长于荒漠、半荒漠区的多年生草本植物，是一种根源型克隆植物。但在未灌溉的土地上，骆驼刺通常不能进行有性繁殖，克隆繁殖是其种群维持和延续的唯一方式。因此，克隆性及其相关克隆性状（如水分整合和光合产物的整合）在骆驼刺自然种群的维持过程中可能扮演了极其重要的角色。 本研究以策勒国家野外观测研究站荒漠综合试验场为研究基地，以两年生骆驼刺为研究对象，在近自然条件下运用测定水势法、碳同位素（13C）标记法和间隔子切断的方法研究骆驼刺根系分株的生理整合特征，包括水分整合和光合产物整合特征以及在生理整合过程中光合生理特性的变化特征。研究结果将对该地区的植被恢复和水资源的合理利用有着重要的意义。主要结论如下： 1、水分整合： 骆驼刺母株和子株之间存在水分生理整合作用，母株可以通过根系间隔子向子株传输水分。母株吸收的水分有一部分供自身生长所需，另一部分通过间隔子传输给子株，帮助子株生长。 2、光合同化产物整合： 骆驼刺母株和子株及子株之间不存在光合产物的整合作用，即母株所同化的光合产物不能通过间隔子传输给子株，同时子株所同化的光合产物也不能通过间隔子传输给母株或者与其相连的其他子株。 3、生理整合过程中的光合生理特征： 间隔子切断对母株和子株光合生理特征都有明显的影响。间隔子切断后母株的气孔导度减小，蒸腾速率降低，水分利用效率略有增大；而子株气孔导度增大，导致蒸腾速率增大，水分利用效率降低。间隔子切断后母株的叶绿素含量升高，而子株的叶绿素含量下降，说明间隔子切断后母株对光能的利用能力提高，光合作用加强，而子株对光能的利用能力下降，光合作用减弱。 |
| 英文摘要 | Clonal plants exist in almost all ecosystems, and the existence of clonal plants have heavy influence on the species of community composition and the diversity of species and the structure and trends of community. According to different clonal forms, clonal plant can be divided into rhizomatous clonal plants, stoloniferous clonal plants, root-derived clonal plant and others. But currently, the studies of clonal plant in both home and abroad are mainly aim at rhizomatous and stoloniferous clonal plant, especially to the annual herbaceous plant. And the studies of root-derived clonal plant are less, and the studies on root-derived shrub and arbor clonal plant are lesser. Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. is a perennial herbaceous plant in arid and semi-arid region. It is also a clonal plant. But its sexual production can not be undertaken in un-irrigative area, so clonal propagation is the only way for its population maintenance and perpetuation. So clonality and clonal trait (e.g. water integration and photosynthate integration) maybe play an important role in the maintainance of natural population of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. The desert experimental plots in Cele National Research Station of desert-grassland ecosystem will provide essential basic conditions for this product. This study uses two years old Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. as experimental material. We use the methods of water potential, 13C labeling and spacer severed to study the physiological integration characteristic between mother ramet and daughter ramet, include water integration, photosynthate integration and the photosynthetic physiology characteristic during the integration. All these results are important for vegetation restoration and utilization of water resources of this area. Mainly conclusions are as follows: Firstly, on the water integration between mother ramet and daughter ramet: water integration exists between mother ramet and daughter ramet of Alhagi. And water can translate from mother ramet to daughter ramet. The water absorbed by the root of mother ramet was transferred into two parts, one part was used by mother ramet itself, and another was translating to daughter ramet through spacer to help the growth of daughter ramet. Secondly, seeing from the photosynthate integration between mother ramet and daughter ramet; photosynthate integration dose not exist between mother ramet and daughter ramet, and also between daughter ramet to daughter ramet. Thirdly, the photo-physiological characteristics: both mother ramet and daughter ramet were significantly influenced by spacer severed. The stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of mother ramet were decreased, and its water use efficiency was increased. But the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of daughter ramet were increased, and its water use efficiency was decreased. The mother’s chlorophyll content was increased, but the daughter’ chlorophyll content was increased after spacer severed. In other words, spacer severed enhanced photosynthetic capacity of mother ramet, and weakened the photosynthetic capacity of daughter ramet. |
| 中文关键词 | 疏叶骆驼刺 ; 克隆植物 ; 生理整合 ; 水势 ; 碳同位素 ; 光合生理特征 |
| 英文关键词 | Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. clonal plant |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 水土保持与荒漠化防治 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287296 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 罗维成. 疏叶骆驼刺根系分株生理整合特征研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2013. |
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