Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 新疆不同类型盐碱土有机碳和微生物碳分布特征的研究 | |
| 其他题名 | The research on distribution characteristics of organic carbon and microbial carbon under different types of saline-alkali soil in Xinjiang |
| 房飞 | |
| 出版年 | 2012 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 吴世新 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 盐碱土作为新疆的主要土壤类型，是干旱区地球化学循环的重要组成部分，在碳循环和气候变化中发挥着独特的作用。新疆相对于其他地方，土壤盐碱化土壤分布广泛、面积大、类型多、盐分含量高等特征。研究新疆盐碱土有机碳（SOC）和微生物碳（SMC）的分布特征，对评价新疆干旱荒漠区在我国乃至全球变化的地位具有重要意义。\n本文基于新疆六种主要盐碱土类型获得的资料，研究了新疆主要盐碱土SOC和SMC的分布特征，探讨了它们与环境因子的关系。并以硫酸盐-氯化物盐渍化土壤为例，分析了深层（5m）SOC和SMC的关系。主要结果如下： \n（1）不同盐碱土类型之间，SOC含量存在显著差异：CSD（纯苏打）> L-LS（氯化物-硫酸盐）> LS-L（硫酸盐-氯化物）> SD（苏打）> LS（硫酸盐）> L（氯化物）。除LS和SD、SD和LS-L之间没有显著性差异外，其他各盐碱土类型之间SOC含量均存在显著性差异（P<0.05）。CSD有机碳含量最高，可达19.47g/kg，L有机碳含量最低，只有2.91g/kg。在垂直剖面上，各个盐碱土类型SOC含量都随着土层深度的增加而表现出降低的趋势，并存在着明显的分层特征：20cm以下SOC含量低而稳定，主要与表层受到植被凋落物的影响有关，而植被对深层SOC含量无明显影响作用。相同类型盐碱土上SOC分布与地上生物量具有显著的相关关系，地上生物量大，SOC含量高，反过来，SOC含量高会促进植被的生长。但不同盐碱土类型并不存在显著的相关性，L-LS虽然有机碳平均含量很高，但地上地下生物量却并不高，LS虽然地上地下生物量较高，但有机碳平均含量却很低。\n（2）随着土壤盐碱类型和植被类型的变化，SMC在不同类型盐碱土中累积的顺序依次为: CSD > LS > L-LS > SD > LS-L > L。除L-LS和SD之间没有显著性差异外，其他各盐碱土类型之间SMC含量均存在显著性差异（P<0.05）。CSD微生物碳含量最高，可达1.39mg/kg，L微生物碳含量最低，只有0.06mg/kg；不同类型盐碱土的微生物碳含量差别很大，并且与SOC含量大小并不一致；同一盐碱土类型内，SMC剖面具有显著地分层特征。SMC含量随着深度的增加而显著减少，其递减率在不同盐碱土类型之间存在明显差异。对SMC与土壤质地的综合分析表明，土壤含水量和土壤容重并不像一般的研究结果认为具有显著的线性相关关系，没有表现出特有的规律性。\n（3）通过对古尔班通古特沙漠南缘荒漠土壤中的SOC和SMC的垂直分布的研究，结果显示： a、在土壤垂直剖面上，SOC和SMC含量呈现极显著正线性相关（R2=0.63，P=0.0003）。b、SMC出现了2个明显的SMC改变界面（20cm，80cm），0-20cm、20-80cm和80-500cm值分别为：2.24-3.06、0.19-0.72和0.0017-0.0097 mg/kg；0-20cm和20-80cm的SMC均为极显著差异（P<0.0001），20-80cm和80-500cm的SMC为显著性差异（P=0.013）。c、对应于SMC的土壤层划分，SOC在0-20cm、20-80cm和80-500cm同样具有一定的分层性。d、把具有不同微生物活性的有机碳层，分别定义为活性、惰性、稳定性有机碳库，通过土壤垂直剖面上SMC的分布很好地表征了土壤中活性、惰性、稳定性有机碳库的分布；通过对这三种碳库所在土层进行合理划分，可以定量土壤中三种有机碳库的储量。 |
| 英文摘要 | As the main soil type in Xinjiang, saline-alkali soil is an important component of geochemistry circulation in arid zone, which plays a unique role in the carbon cycle and climate change. Compared with other places, Xinjiang saline-alkali soil has characteristics of wide distribution, large area, abundant types, and higher salt content. The research on distribution characteristics of organic carbon and microbial carbon plays a key role in determining the responses of China’s grasslands to global change.\n This paper, based on the data of six types of saline-alkali soil in Xinjiang, analyzes distribution characteristics of organic carbon and microbial carbon, and discusses the relationship between them and environmental factors. Taking sulfate-chloride saline soil as an example, this paper analyzes the relationship between soil organic carbon and microbial carbon in the deep soil (5m). The main findings of this work are as follows:\n(1) There is significant difference between different types of saline-alkali soil on soil organic carbon content: CSD(CO32-) > L-LS (Cl--SO42-) > LS-L(SO42-Cl-) > SD(CO32-- HCO3-) > LS(SO42-) > L(Cl-). In addition to LS and SD, SD and LS-L has no significant difference, there are significant difference between each other (P < 0.05). CSD has the highest organic carbon content, with19.47 g/kg, while L has the minimum, only 2.91 g/kg. In the vertical profile, the SOC shows the trend of the lower all along with the increase of soil depth in various types of saline-alkali soil, and there are obviously layered characteristics: Soil organic carbon content is low and stable below 20cm, due to the surface is influenced by vegetation litter, but vegetation have no obvious effect on deep soil organic carbon content. The same type of saline-alkali soil organic carbon distribution and the ground biomass has significant correlation, with higher ground biomass, there is higher soil organic carbon content, in turn, high soil organic carbon content will promote the growth of vegetation. But there is not significantly correlation between different saline-alkali types, although L-LS has an high average of organic carbon content, the ground biomass is not high; although LS has an higher ground biomass, the average of organic carbon content is lower. \n (2) There is significant difference between different types of saline-alkali soil on soil microbial carbon content: CSD > LS > L-LS > SD > LS-L > L. In addition to L-LS and SD has no significant difference, there are significant difference between each other (P < 0.05). CSD has the highest soil microbial carbon content, with1.39mg/kg, while L has the minimum, only 0.06mg/kg. The SMC content has an big difference from each other, and is not the same size along to SOC content, maybe it is decided by the habitat and characteristics of eating patterns; In the vertical profile, the SMC shows the trend of the lower all along with the increase of soil depth in various types of saline-alkali soil, and there are obviously layered characteristics. The studies on microbial biomass carbon and soil texture shows that the soil moisture content and soil bulk density is not, as the general research results showed that has significant linear relationship, not show special regularity.\n (3) This goal of the research presented here was to analyze the response relation of soil organic carbon to soil microbial carbon at different depths of original salt desert for the study site in the southern boundary of Garbantunggut desert. The results showed: a、In the soil vertical profile, SMC and SOC presented a very significant positive linear correlation (R2 = 0.63, P = 0.0003). b、SMC exhibited two obvious changed-interfaces—20 cm and 80 cm, the SMC at depth of 0-20 cm, 20-80 cm and 80-500 cm was 2.24-3.06, 0.19-0.72, and 0.0017-0.0097 mg/kg respectively; 0-20 cm and 20-80cm of SMC were very significant difference (P < 0.0001), 20-80 cm and 80-500 cm of SMC were significant difference (P = 0.013). c、Corresponding to the soil division based on SMC, SOC also has some certain stratification. d、With different microbial activity of the organic carbon layers, respectively, defined as activity, inert, stability of organic carbon library. The soil microbial carbon in the vertical profile presented a good characterization of the distribution of the active, inert, and stable organic carbon library. Therefore, these three kinds of organic carbon library can be quantitative by reasonable analysis their locations at different depths of soil vertical profile. |
| 中文关键词 | 土壤有机碳 ; 土壤微生物碳 ; 盐碱土 ; 碳库 ; 表征 |
| 英文关键词 | Soil organic carbon Soil microbial carbon saline-alkali soil Carbon pool Characterization |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 生态学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287134 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 房飞. 新疆不同类型盐碱土有机碳和微生物碳分布特征的研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2012. |
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