Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 荒漠沙蜥生活史特征的种群间差异 | |
| 其他题名 | The inter-population variation of life-history traits in the toad-headed lizard, Phrynocephalus przewalskii |
| 赵佳明 | |
| 出版年 | 2012 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 曾治高 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 生活史是指生物个体一生中所经历的全部过程。比较物种生活史特征的相似性及变异性，进而探讨其对栖息环境的适应，揭示种间和种内生活史的进化与生态学意义，是现代生态学的一个重要任务。\n爬行类的生活史特征在种间和种内都具有较大的变异，并且缺乏亲代抚育，是研究生活史对策和检验各种生活史理论的理想材料。本文以北方荒漠地区的广布种——荒漠沙蜥（Phrynocephalus przewalskii）为研究对象，测定了荒漠沙蜥三个种群的成体大小、繁殖输出、卵孵化和孵出幼体特征的种群间差异以及温度对荒漠沙蜥越冬存活的影响。结果表明，荒漠沙蜥成体大小在地理种群间没有显著差异，与各种群的热环境无关；其繁殖输出存在着显著的种群间差异，与各种群的食物资源条件相关，卵大小随着食物资源的增加而降低，而窝卵数和窝卵重则随着食物资源的增加而增加，荒漠沙蜥在卵大小和窝卵数之间做出了权衡；荒漠沙蜥卵的孵化期在地理种群间存在着显著的差异，在降水丰富地区卵的孵化期较长，在降水稀少地区卵的孵化期较短，与初生卵的胚胎历期无关；产出幼体的大小在种群间有显著差异，但不受孵化温度影响。不同种群的幼体大小与其食物资源丰富度呈负相关关系。此外，荒漠沙蜥的越冬存活率受越冬温度的影响，随着越冬温度的升高而降低，性别和繁殖状况也是影响越冬存活的因素。 |
| 英文摘要 | The life history is a process that the individuals experienced in their life. It is an important mission of modern ecology to determine the life history traits of various species, revealing the similarities and differences of the life history among species. The life history variation would provide important implications for understanding the species’ adaptation to their environment as well as the evolutionary process in species of interest. \n The life history traits of reptiles vary among and within species, and the parental care behavior is nearly absent in these animals. As a result, they make an ideal subject for studying life history strategies and testing the relevant hypotheses for life history variations.\n Phrynocephalus przewalskii distribute widely in the northern desert of China. I measured adult body size, reproductive output, egg incubation, and hatchling traits of three geographic populations, and determined the influence of temperature on the hibernation survivorshipof this species. The results showed that the adult body size did not vary among populations and was not related to the thermal environment; their reproductive output varied significantly among populations and was related to food resources. The egg size reduced with the increasing of food resources, but the clutch size and clutch mass increased with the increasing of food resources. There was a trade-off between egg size and clutch size in Phrynocephalus przewalskii. The incubation period differed significantly among the geographic populations, and was associated with the precipitation. The incubation period was longer for eggs from the area with high precipitation than from the area with low precipitation. The among-population difference in incubation period was not related to thedevelopmental stage of embryos at oviposition. The hatchling size varied significantly among populations, but was not affected by the incubation temperature. The food resource contributed to the variation of the hatchling size; the hatchling size decreased with the increasing of food resources. In addition, we found that the lizard’ survivorship during hibernation was influenced by the hibernation temperature, decreased with the temperature increasing. The survivorship during hibernation also differed between the two sexes and was affected by the reproductive output in the previous season. |
| 中文关键词 | 生活史 ; 种群间差异 ; 荒漠沙蜥 ; 食物资源 ; 降水 ; 温度 ; 成体大小 ; 越冬 |
| 英文关键词 | Life history Inter-population variation Phrynocephalus przewalskii Food resource Precipitation Temperature Body size Hibernation |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 生态学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院动物研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287068 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 赵佳明. 荒漠沙蜥生活史特征的种群间差异[D]. 中国科学院大学,2012. |
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