Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 青海湖东北部沙地人工植被对土壤恢复效应的研究 | |
| 其他题名 | Artificial Vegetation Recovery Effects on Soil of the Northeastern Sandy Land of the Qinghai Lake |
| 刘泉均 | |
| 出版年 | 2012 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 常宏 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 通过整合工程措施和生物措施，包括设置沙障、直播造林、高秆造林、封育补播等措施，在青海湖湖东的海晏克土沙区建立面积10000亩的综合防沙治沙实验示范区。本论文对已治理3年的海晏克土沙区土壤性质变化进行了研究，为了说明进行植被恢复与设置机械沙障对土壤理化性质的影响，试验中通过测定采取植被恢复与工程措施所固定的沙丘和对照流动沙丘的土壤物理和化学参数，对比分析植被恢复与机械沙障对土壤理化性质的影响。旨在通过植被恢复和工程防沙措施，建立不同类型沙漠化土地综合治理模式，解决与青海湖地区生态环境综合整治有关的流沙固定、沙害防控和植被恢复等重大生态工程的技术问题，为青海湖生态环境综合防治工程提供技术支撑。论文取得如下认识：\n1. 通过测定采取植被恢复与工程措施所固定的沙丘和对照流动沙丘的土壤物理和化学参数发现固定沙丘表层出现了结皮，尤其是成活植株表层结皮厚度达到0.73cm，而对照地则无结皮形成；其次在土壤颜色方面，建植植被后的固定沙丘0～21cm内土壤颜色略深，土壤湿润度也有所增加，且可以观察到较为明显的团粒结构，而对照流动沙丘则无团粒结构。\n2. 土壤物理性质的变化。与对照地相比，固定沙丘表层粗砂含量平均降低32.1%（P=0.194＞0.05）；细砂含量平均提高15.1%（P=0.254＞0.05）；与对照地相比，固定沙丘各层含水量有明显的改善，说明进行植被恢复和采取工程措施有利于地表细颗粒物质的积累和土壤含水量的增加，有效控制地表粗化并促进沙地土壤的发育。\n3. 土壤化学性质的变化。与对照地相比，固定沙丘各层土壤有机质与速效钾含量都有不同程度的增加；沙丘表层不同部位有效氮含量高于下伏21～71cm层，丘间低地有效氮含量高于沙丘中部和上部；固定沙丘0～21cm层速效磷平均含量为13.0972 mg/kg，高于其他深度，可能是因为地表高温环境加快有机质分解速度从而促进了土壤磷素的积累；固定沙丘不同部位各层pH值呈增加趋势，平均提高7.04%，变化范围在7.97～8.84之间，土壤整体呈弱碱性。\n4. 有机质与细砂中的0.2—0.15mm、0.15—0.1mm、0.1—0.05mm以及＜0.001mm粒径的粘粒存在极显著正相关关系，说明随着0.2—0.15mm、0.15—0.1mm、0.1—0.05mm粒径和粘粒含量的增多有机质含量呈增长趋势。土壤酸碱度与细沙中0.2—0.15mm、0.15—0.1mm、0.1—0.05mm粒径以及粘粒呈极显著正相关关系。有机质、有效氮、速效磷、速效钾与土壤含水率的呈不显著的正相关关系，pH值与土壤含水率呈不显著的负相关关系，表明土壤水分对土壤养分度的影响不明显，为了弄清原因还需进一步的研究。 |
| 英文摘要 | Through the integration of engineering and biological measures, including the set up of sand barriers, direct seeding forestation, the afforestation of high pole, close bred, to established an area of 10,000 acres of comprehensive experimental demonstration area toprevent and control desertification in Haiyan,on the east of Qinghai Lake. The thesis basically analysis the changes of soil physical properties, chemical properties during the reversal of desertification for 3 years, aimed to elucidate the responses of soil properties to desertification reversal. Through revegetation and engineering sediment control measures to establish a comprehensive governance model of the different types of desertified land, to solve the ecological engineering problems of the ecological environment remediation related quicksand, sand damage prevention and control and revegetation in the Qinghai Lake area. The main results are as follows:\n1. First surface of the fixed dunes end skin, especially the survival of plant surface, the crust thickness of 0.73cm, while the control had no crust formation; in soil color, planting vegetation of fixed dunes 0～21cm soilslightly darker color, and soil moisture also increased, and can observe the more obvious granular structure, control of shifting sand dunes there was no granular structure.\n2. Changes in soil physical properties. Fixed dune surface coarse sand content compared with the control to an average of 32.1% (P＝0.194＞0.05); fine sand content of 15.1% on average (P＝0.254＞0.05); compared with the control to fixed dune layers containing the water has significantly improved; demonstrate that the vegetation restoration and engineering measures conducive to the accumulation of surface fine particulate matter and soil water content increases, effective control of surface roughening and to promote the development of sandy soil.\n3. Changes in soil chemical properties. Compared with the control land, fixed dune soil organic matter and available potassium content has increased in varying degrees; the effective nitrogen content than the underlying 21～71cm layer of dune surface in different parts, the available nitrogen content of the interdune lowlands above the sand dunes in central and the upper part; fixed 0～21cm layer of sand dunes available phosphorus content was 13.0972mg/kg, higher than the other depths, probably because the surface high-temperature environment to accelerate the decomposition rate of organic matter so as to promote the accumulation of soil phosphorus; the pH value has an increasing trend of different parts of the fixed dunes, with an average increase of 7.04%, range between 7.97 to 8.84, the soil whole shows weak alkaline.\n4. Organic matter and sand in 0.2-0.15mm ,0.15-0.1mm, 0.1-0.05mm and ＜0.001mm particle size of clay there are very significant positive correlation, indicating that with the 0.2-0.15mm, 0.15-0.1mm, 0.1-0.05mm particle size and increase in clay content, organic matter content showed a rising trend. Soil pH and sand in 0.2—0.15mm, 0.15-0.1mm, 0.1-0.05mm particle size and clay were highly significant positive correlation, indicating that the decrease in coarse particulate matter content in the soil will urge the soil pH increased, while smaller particle size of fine sand and clay content increasing will cause the soil to the alkaline direction. Organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, potassium and soil moisture content of a positive correlation was not significant, and needs further research to ascertain the reasons. |
| 中文关键词 | 青海湖 ; 防沙治沙 ; 植被恢复 ; 土壤养分 |
| 英文关键词 | Qinghai Lake desertification revegetation soil nutrient |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 第四纪地质学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院地球环境研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287062 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 刘泉均. 青海湖东北部沙地人工植被对土壤恢复效应的研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2012. |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
| 个性服务 |
| 推荐该条目 |
| 保存到收藏夹 |
| 导出为Endnote文件 |
| 谷歌学术 |
| 谷歌学术中相似的文章 |
| [刘泉均]的文章 |
| 百度学术 |
| 百度学术中相似的文章 |
| [刘泉均]的文章 |
| 必应学术 |
| 必应学术中相似的文章 |
| [刘泉均]的文章 |
| 相关权益政策 |
| 暂无数据 |
| 收藏/分享 |
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。
