Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 历史上罗布泊地区水环境变化与古代人类活动相关性分析 | |
| 其他题名 | Analysis of relationship between water environmental changes of Lop Nur region in history and ancient human activities |
| 朱建峰 | |
| 出版年 | 2011 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 聂跃平 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 罗布泊地区位于新疆塔里木盆地东端，长期以来以其灿烂的多元文明著称于世。研究罗布泊地区水环境变迁，对罗布泊地区数千年以来的古环境重建，探索自然和人为的驱动作用具有极其重要的科学和现实意义。\n 罗布泊地区的水环境受到塔里木河、孔雀河以及车尔臣河的控制。历史上罗布泊地区的水环境变化很大，造成了孔雀河下游地区环境的巨变。研究中首先运用了决策树遥感分类的方法，对罗布泊地区的地表类型进行分类研究，并对环境的变化情况进行分析。然后利用水文分析、缓冲区分析与点密度分析等多种空间分析方法提取出整个历史时期的河网分布，并分析遗址分布与水环境的关系。经过研究认为古代人类的活动范围集中在水源附近的一定区域，反映了对水量的特殊需求。因此，从人类的活动与水环境相互作用的关系出发，能够构建出不同历史时期的水环境变化过程。\n 经过分析认为，罗布泊地区的水环境在汉晋之前基本稳定，罗布泊湖水面积较大。到南北朝时期，大约为公元5-6世纪，孔雀河与塔里木河的北河改道南下，与塔里木河的南河汇流进入罗布泊。造成的后果就是孔雀河下游地区河水逐渐枯竭，罗布泊面积骤减。至1921年和1952年，孔雀河与塔里木河的北河同时出现了两次改道情况，先后从原孔雀河故道流入并迁移回塔里木河的南河。\n 水资源的周期性波动，一方面与自然环境和气候条件固然密不可分，另一方面人类的活动也会产生影响，造成境的恶化。因此，合理开发利用水资源，对于保持西部干旱区的生态平衡显得尤为重要。 |
| 英文摘要 | The Lop Nur region locates in the east of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang. For a long time, it has been famous for its brilliant and multivariate civilization to the world. The research of water environmental changes has an important scientific and realistic significance for the ancient environmental reconstruction since thousands of years ago in LopNur region, and exploring the drought evolution and driver function between man and nature. \nThe water environment in LopNur region is controlled by the three rivers: Tarim River, Peacock River and Qarqan River. The environment changes greatly in the downstream area of the Peacock. The method of decision tree classification in remote sensing field is adopted to classify the landscape of LopNur region in this study, combing with the terrain data and spectral feature data. The analysis of environmental changes is based on the corresponding relationship between the site distribution and the types of landscape. The next step is to extract the river network during the entire historical period and analyze the relationship of sites distribution and water environment. It is considered that the ancient human activities on the scope of certain areas near the water supply reflect the special demand for water yield. Hence it is possible to construct the water environmental changes in different historical period.\nAfter the analysis of the situation，it is concluded that the water environment in LopNur region stayed stable in Han-Jin Dynasty and the LopNur Lake was very large. Until A.D. 5-6 century in Southern and Northern Dynasties, the north part of Tarim River and Peacock River diverted to the south part of Tarim River, and then joined together towards LopNur Lake. Correspondingly, the downstream area of Peacock River became dry and LopNur Lake gradually decreased. And there may be a connection between this event and the decline of a number of sites around ancient city of Loulan in the much the same period. In 1921 and 1952, the north part of Tarim River and Peacock River diverted to the original channel of Peacock River together, and then move back to the south part of Tarim River.\nThe water environment fluctuates, on the one hand, due to natural environment and climate conditions, and on the other hand, the impact of human activities. Therefore, it is very important to develop and utilize the water resources and keep the ecological balance of western arid area. |
| 中文关键词 | 水环境 ; 罗布泊 ; 空间分析 ; 决策树 |
| 英文关键词 | water environment LopNur spatial analysis decision tree. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 地图学与地理信息系统 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院遥感应用研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/287017 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 朱建峰. 历史上罗布泊地区水环境变化与古代人类活动相关性分析[D]. 中国科学院大学,2011. |
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