Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 荒漠草地土壤呼吸与氮素组成分配对水分变化的响应 | |
| 其他题名 | The Responses of Soil Respiration and Nitrogen Isotopic Distribution to the Water Change in the Desert |
| 禹朴家 | |
| 出版年 | 2011 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 徐海量 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文以古尔班通古特沙漠南缘地区的荒漠草地为研究对象，在对研究区土壤呼吸和植物—土壤系统稳定性氮同位素组成、分配特征调查的基础上，探讨了荒漠草地土壤呼吸速率和植物—土壤系统氮素分配对水分增加的响应，得出以下结论：\n（1）在古尔班通古特沙漠内，增水处理改变了土壤呼吸日变化曲线的类型；增加了沙丘不同部位（坡底、坡中、坡顶）土壤呼吸速率的变化幅度、平均值和极差；推后了土壤呼吸速率最大值到来的时间。\n（2）增水处理改变了土壤温度和土壤水分的日变化曲线类型，同时也改变了土壤温度和土壤水分与土壤呼吸速率的相关性。\n（3）研究区土壤δ15N值的变化范围为12.19‰～13.33‰，增水处理对土壤δ15N值均没有显著的影响，表明在自然状态下，短时间的增水干扰，并不能改变土壤中δ15N值的变化。未标记样地植物稳定性氮同位素Ndff值的变化范围为0.39～0.59，增水处理对植物不同部位氮素分配能力的影响也不尽相同，但总的差别不大。\n（4）添加氮素后，样地土壤δ15N值明显升高。随着增水量的增加，土壤总δ15N值呈现出典型的倒“U”型曲线。从植物的不同部位来看，植物吸收的氮素分配到茎的比例最大，而分配到根的比例最小。\n（5）对比未标记样地和标记样地50～100 cm土层土壤δ15N值的大小可知，标记样地50～100cm土层土壤δ15N值要明显高于非标记样地，表明标记样地土壤中添加的稳定性15N同位素已经移动到了该层，并在向更深的土层移动。\n（6）氮素添加处理提高了样地土壤的δ15N值，并且随着氮素施加量的增加，样地土壤稳定性氮同位素δ15N值明显上升，而从不同的土层深度来看，土壤氮同位素δ15N值仍然随着土层深度的增加呈下降的趋势。样地植物稳定性氮同位素Ndff值对氮素添加也表现出积极的响应。 |
| 英文摘要 | Xinjiang, representing a specific geographical area in the world, located in the arid mid-latitude areas. Under the global climate change, the structure and function of ecological systems may be influenced by the climate change. Based on the field investigation of soil respiration and nitrogen isotopic of desert in the Gurbantunggut desert, this paper analyzed the effect of water treatment on the soil respiration and nitrogen isotopic in the desert. The conclusions are as follows: \n(1) The diurnal variation curve of soil respiration was changed from double-peak curve to single-peak curve after the artificial rainfall in the Gurbantunggut desert. The range (Bottom 0.62, Middle 0.71, Up 0.78), the mean (Bottom 230%, Middle 58%, Up 28%) and the extreme deviation increased after the artificial rainfall in the different parts of sand dunes. The maximum value of the soil respiration came late after the artificial rainfall (2～6h).\n(2) The diurnal variation curve of soil water and soil temperature changed after the artificial rainfall, so did the correlation of soil respiration rate - soil temperature and soil respiration rate - soil water. The correlation of soil respiration rate and soil temperature showed positive responses, the value increased after the artificial rainfall, but the correlation of soil respiration rate and soil water decreased. The changes indicated that water is the mainly factor which influence the soil respiration rate in the arid environment. \n (3)The range of soil δ15N is from 12.19‰ to13.33‰ in the study area. The treatment of increasing water hasn’t significant impact on the soil δ15N in the labeled sample plots. This result indicated that the treatment of increasing water can’t change the soil δ15N in a short time. The range of Ndff for plant is from 0.39 to 0.59 in the study area. The biggest value of Ndff was found in the water treatment of 30%, while the smallest value of Ndff was found in the water treatment of 20%.\n（4）The soil δ15N is increase significant after nitrogen addition. With the increasing of the water increasing level, the changes of total soil δ15N showed a typical inverted “U” curve。The plant Ndff is increase significant after nitrogen addition. The range of Ndff is from 15.27～31.24. From the different parts of plants, we can see that stems absorb most of nitrogen, while the roots absorb smallest.\n(5)The δ15N of the 50-100cm soil layer in the labeled sample plots is higher than that in the unlabeled sample plots, which indicates that the added 15N isotope in the labeled sample plots is still moving to the deeper soil.\n（6） The soil δ15N is increase significant after nitrogen addition. With the increasing of the nitrogen addition level, the changes of total soil δ15N are more significant. With the decrease of the soil layer depth, the soil δ15N decreased. |
| 中文关键词 | 水分变化 ; 土壤呼吸速率 ; 稳定性氮同位素 ; 植物—土壤系统 ; 荒漠草地 |
| 英文关键词 | Water change Soil respiration rate Nitrogen isotopic Plant and soil system Desert |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 生态学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/286980 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 禹朴家. 荒漠草地土壤呼吸与氮素组成分配对水分变化的响应[D]. 中国科学院大学,2011. |
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