Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 间伐对森林生态系统碳循环影响的模拟研究 | |
| 其他题名 | Modeling the effect of commercial thinning practices on forest ecosystem carbon cycle |
| 杨毅 | |
| 出版年 | 2011 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 黄玫 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 中文摘要 | 在全球变暖，土地荒漠化严重，环境污染等问题的背景下，对森林资源越来越多的需求使得森林管理者面临着极大的挑战。森林管理是以森林可持续发展为目的的林地利用和作业系统，森林管理包括造林，再造林，木材收获，森林抚育，以及针对自然干扰（如火干扰，森林病虫害等）的管理措施。目前国内对森林管理影响的研究方法主要是实验研究与样地调查，模型模拟研究在国内尚不多见。\n本论文拟利用CBM-CFS3（Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector model）模型模拟间伐管理措施对森林生态系统碳通量影响的过程与机理，比较不同间伐管理措施对温带、亚热带森林生态系统生产力、碳库的变化以及由此产生的源汇变化的影响，确定间伐管理措施在维持森林生态系统稳定与提高森林生态系统功能等方面的重要作用， 论文的主要研究内容为：\n1）验证模拟生物量随林龄的变化。在长白山温带森林生态系统与千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统对模型进行了验证，验证树种为红松与马尾松，红松的生物量实测值与模型模拟值的线性拟合方程为y = 0.7485x（R2=0.7291，P<0.01），马尾松的生物量实测值与模型模拟值的方程为y = 0.7799x（R2=0.5349，P<0.01），验证效果较好；模型模拟了我国主要森林类型（常绿阔叶林，常绿针叶林，落叶阔叶林，落叶针叶林以及混交林）的生长过程，并将在不同林龄下的生物量模拟值与观测值进行对比，主要类型的森林生态系统在林龄为10年时模拟值与观测值相差较大，在林龄为50年到150年之间，模拟值与观测值较为接近，模拟效果较好；\n2）不同间伐措施对我国主要类型森林生态系统的影响。本研究运用模型模拟了在不同间伐密度、不同间伐时间以及不同轮伐期条件下，我国主要类型森林生态系统的生物量、土壤碳与碳源/汇的变化情况。模拟不同间伐密度对森林生态系统影响的结果表明间伐密度增大对各个森林类型生物量的影响差异显著（常绿阔叶林>落叶针叶林>常绿针叶林>落叶阔叶林>混交林），不同间伐密度对各森林类型土壤碳的短期影响不显著；模拟不同间伐时间对森林生态系统影响的结果表明在林龄15年间伐时最有利于森林生态系统的恢复与继续生长；模拟不同轮伐期对森林生态系统影响的结果表明主要类型的森林生态系统均在轮伐期为50年时生物量最高；\n3）东北林区，华南林区以及“三北”防护林在间伐密度为15%，间伐时间为15年时，轮伐期30年与40年的生物量总量相同，轮伐期为50年时生物量总量最高；东南林区与西南林区在间伐密度为15%，间伐时间为15年时，均为轮伐期50年>轮伐期40年>轮伐期30年；而在高密度间伐中，华南林区与西南林区在轮伐期40年条件下生物量总量最低，其余林区在高密度间伐中生物量总量随着轮伐期的降低而下降。 |
| 英文摘要 | Forest management influences the sequestration and release of carbon in forest biomass, soil, and wood products. As an important source, sink, and pool in global carbon cycle, forest plays an significant role in mitigating global change, especially the artificial forests in China, and thus it is very important to deeply study carbon sequestration potential in artificial forest and its role in forest management practices .The current forest ecosystems in China played a smaller role of carbon sink in global carbon cycle, and thus it was important to strengthen the tending of newly cultivated plantation and the management of fire hazard and disease and pest injury, and to increase the carbon sequestration of our forests. This paper summarized the effects of forest management on ecosystem carbon cycle and the modeling methods which were used in the study of the management practices. Models are important to estimate changes of these pools and the associated carbon fluxes, and also be applied to assess the influence of different management regimes on long-term carbon sequestration. Forest simulation models contain forest growth and yield models, forest succession models and process models.\nWe applied the CBM-CFS3 (version 1.0) model which can be used to account for carbon stocks and changes by forest managers and analysts to simulate the impacts on forest carbon cycle of the forest management practices and to provide reference for carbon sequestration potential of artificial forest ecosystem. The model was validated using the observed data of artificial forest ecosystem in subtropical red soil of South China and temperate forest of North China.The main researches are summarized as follow:\n1）The model was validated using the observed data of artificial forest ecosystem in subtropical red soil of South China and temperate forest of North China.The validation species are red pine and masson pine. The equation of comparison of red pine biomass between observation and simulation is y = 0.7485x（R2=0.7291，P<0.01）, and equation of comparison of masson pine biomass between observation and simulation is y = 0.7799x（R2=0.5349，P<0.01）. We also applied the model to simulate five typical forest ecosystems of China (deciduous needleleaf forest (DNF), evergreen needleleaf forest (ENF), deciduous broadleaf forest (DBF), evergreen broadleaf forest (EBF), and mixed forest (MF)), when the age of the forest is between 50 and 150, the simulation is much close to the observation.\n2）Commercial thinning has great effect on the forest carbon cycling. The results indicated that as commercial thinning intensity increases, the forest gross plant biomass, NPP and soil C content decrease and more time was required for their restoration. The effect of the commercial thinning intensity on the five typical forest ecosystems of China are different, evergreen broadleaf forest (EBF)> deciduous needleleaf forest (DNF)> evergreen needleleaf forest (ENF)> deciduous broadleaf forest (DBF)> mixed forest (MF). It is better for the forest restoration when the commercial thinning time is 15 year and the rotation is 50 year.\n3）Commercial thinning has great effect on the forest regions in China. In the simulation, the vegetation carbon of Southwest forest region is the highest (2.93Gt) and Southeast forest region is lowest (1.80Gt); the soil carbon of Southwest forest region is the highest (7.64Gt) and Huanan forest region is lowest (4.90Gt); the total carbon of Southwest forest region is the highest (10.58Gt) and Huanan forest region is lowest (6.39Gt). |
| 中文关键词 | 森林管理 ; 间伐密度 ; 轮伐期 ; 生物量 ; 土壤碳 |
| 英文关键词 | Forest management commercial thinning intensity rotation biomasssoil carbon |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 生态学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/286922 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 杨毅. 间伐对森林生态系统碳循环影响的模拟研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2011. |
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