Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 全球变暖对西北地区干旱气候变化的影响研究 | |
| 其他题名 | The Impacts of Global Warming on the Arid Climate Change in Northwest China |
| 张存杰 | |
| 出版年 | 2009 |
| 学位类型 | 博士 |
| 导师 | 吕世华 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 |
| 中文摘要 | 地处北半球中纬度的我国西北干旱半干旱区是一个不同于世界上其它干旱区的独特地带，在全球环境系统中占有极为重要的地位，其气候、生态和环境问题一直是国内外科学家和政府关注的科学热点。西北干旱半干旱区不但是全球气候变化响应最敏感的地带，也是生态环境变化最脆弱的地区，生态环境的变化对局地气候和全球气候也会产生重大影响。随着全球变暖，这一地区的水资源日益短缺，天然植被退化，土地荒漠化，气象灾害增多，生态环境不断恶化。大量研究表明，这种干旱化趋势已经在中、小时空尺度可以清楚地识别到。但是，西北地区干旱气候变化对全球变暖的响应机制还不清楚，西北地区未来气候如何变化，对生态环境有何影响以及应该采取何种应对措施等问题有待深入探讨。\n本文主要采用观测资料统计分析和数值模拟相结合的方法，揭示了西北地区近100年来干旱气候变化对全球变暖的响应。研究发现在百年尺度上，西北地区东部和西部变化趋势基本一致，气温呈显著变暖，降水处于下降通道。但从年代际尺度来看，由于受不同环流系统的影响，西北东部和西部降水变化不完全一致。20世纪后期西北地区中西部降水有明显增多的趋势，而东部降水量持续偏少，干旱化趋势明显，其中秋季降水的变化最为敏感。通过研究亚洲季风和澳大利亚季风的关系，探讨了西北地区干旱气候变化对全球变暖的响应机制。给出了21世纪在全球变暖影响下，亚洲—澳大利亚地区气候变化的可能趋势。 |
| 英文摘要 | The arid and semi-arid regions in Northwest China which located in the northern hemisphere arid regions is different from other parts of the world arid areas, occupy a very important position in the global environmental system. The climatic, ecological and environmental problems in this area have been the scientific hot spots in scientists and governments. Climate change in Northwest China is not only the most sensitive with the global warming, the ecological environment change is also the most vulnerable in China. Changes in the ecological environment on local climate and the global climate will have a significant impact. With global warming, the growing shortage of water resources, degradation of natural vegetation, land desertification, an increase in weather disasters, the environment continues to deteriorate come forth in this region. A large number of studies have shown that this trend of drought has been clearly identified in the small spatial and temporal scales. But the response mechanism that drought climate change in the Northwest to the global warming is not yet clear, the climate in Northwest how change in the future, the impact on the ecological environment as well as what measures should be taken to be such issues in depth.\nIn this paper, the methods of observational data statistical analysis and numerical simulation were used to reveal the impacts of global warming on the nearly 100 years of climate change of Northwest China. The study found the trends of climate change are same in the east part and west part in the century scale, the temperature was significantly warmer, precipitation followed a downward path. However, due to different circulation systems, the change of precipitation in the east and west is not exactly the same in decadal-scale. In the late 20th century, precipitation trends increased obviously in the central and western part of Northwest China, while the eastern part experience the continuing low rainfall and drought trend clearly, especially in the autumn. By studying the relationship between the Asian monsoon and the Australian monsoon, the response mechanism of the arid climate change of Northwest China to the global warming was revealed. The trends of climate change in the 21st century in Asia and Australia were given under the influence of global warming. |
| 中文关键词 | 中国西北 ; 干旱气候变化 ; 全球变暖 ; 亚—澳季风 ; 气候预测 |
| 英文关键词 | Northwest China Arid Climate Change Global Warming |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 大气物理学与大气环境 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/286753 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张存杰. 全球变暖对西北地区干旱气候变化的影响研究[D]. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,2009. |
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