Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 黑河下游鼎新戈壁下垫面近地层能量输送及微气象特征研究 | |
| 其他题名 | Study on Energy Transfer and Micrometeorological Characteristics |
| 王慧 | |
| 出版年 | 2007 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 胡泽勇 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文利用在甘肃酒泉金塔地区进行的“绿洲系统能量与水分循环过程观测与数值研究”野外试验获得的鼎新戈壁下垫面近地层微气象梯度观测资料、辐射观测资料和湍流观测资料，对鼎新戈壁下垫面地表参数、小气候特征和地表辐射收支和能量传输特征等进行了详细的分析研究，得到如下几点结论：\n1、鼎新戈壁下垫面在中性条件下：z0=1.44×10-3m；CDN＝2.1×10-3，CHN＝1.8×10-3；风速白天大于夜间，四季变化不大，垂直风速梯度夜间大于白天；白天温度随高度降低，夜间整层大气处于逆温状态；比湿夜间大于白天，冬季比湿剖面从8m向上比湿梯度垂直减小，其他季节接近等比湿分布。\n2、戈壁地区辐射收支的季节差别非常明显，辐射各量季节平均日总量由大到小依次为夏季、春季、秋季和冬季，总辐射年总量达到6500 MJ•m-2以上，在6月最大、12月最小；；地表反射率夏季小、冬季大，年平均值为0.241；地面有效辐射夏季最大，冬季最小；有效辐射与吸收辐射之比夏季最小、冬季最大，年平均为0.56；地表净辐射年总量达到2360MJ•m-2。\n3、地表能量平衡各分量均具有明显的日变化和季节变化规律，夏季晴天天气下，感热通量峰值达到544W•m-2，季节平均值在250～400W•m-2之间，潜热通量最大值在30W•m-2以下，地热流量可以达到100W•m-2；夏季季节平均的感热通量、潜热通量日积分值分别占到净辐射的86.5％和5.2％，Bowen 比值为16.5；阴天和降水天气过程对能量平衡各量的扰动在25％左右。 |
| 英文摘要 | By using the field data during the “Oasis System Energy and Water Cycle Field Experiment” in the surface layer over Dingxin Gobi in Jinta district, Jiuquan city, Gansu province, Some surface parameters and the microclimate characteristics as well as the surface radiation and energy budge characteristics are analyzed. The main results are as follows:\n1、Surface aerodynamics roughness length, momentum and heat bulk transfer coefficient is 1.44×10-3 m, 2.1×10-3 and 1.8×10-3 respectively under neutral condition. The change of wind speed in all seasons is not quite distinct, and wind speed is bigger in the daytime than in the nighttime, while its vertical gradient is opposite exactly. In the daytime air temperature decreases with the height increasing, but in the nighttime the whole column is under inversion. The specific humidity is greater in the nighttime than in the daytime, in winter specific humidity vertical gradient decreases from 8 m’s height above, however, it changes little in other seasons and expresses nearly same distribution.\n2、The seasonal difference of radiation budget over Dingxin Gobi is quite evident, and the daily average gross in summer ranks the biggest, followed by that in spring, autumn and winter. Solar radiation is biggest in June and smallest in December, and its annual gross reaches over 6500 MJ•m-2. Surface albedo is small in summer, big in winter, and annual average is 0.241. Surface effective radiation is biggest in summer and smallest in winter. The ratio of effective radiation and absored radiation is going adverse to the ground effective radiation, and its annual average is 0.56. The annual gross of net radiation is up to 2360 MJ•m-2. \n3、Each component of surface energy balance shows obvious diurnal and seasonal variation. Under fair weather during summer, the peak value of sensible heat flux reaches 544W•m-2 and 250-400W•m-2 on average. The maximum value of latent heat flux is under 30W•m-2, and the soil heat flow can be up to 100W•m-2. In summer the average daily integral value of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux accounts for about 86.5% and 5.2% portion of net radiation, and Bowen ratio is 16.5. The cloud and precipitation can bring about 25% disturbances to each component of energy balance in arid and semiarid area. |
| 中文关键词 | 戈壁 ; 地表参数 ; 小气候特征 ; 辐射平衡 ; 能量平衡 |
| 英文关键词 | Gobi Surface parameters Microclimate characteristics Energy balance Radiation budget |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 大气物理学与大气环境 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/286567 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王慧. 黑河下游鼎新戈壁下垫面近地层能量输送及微气象特征研究[D]. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,2007. |
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