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| 黑河流域城镇发展的历史过程与驱动机制 | |
| 其他题名 | Study on the Historical Process and Drive-mechanism of Towns in Heihe River basin |
| 王录仓 | |
| 出版年 | 2007 |
| 学位类型 | 博士 |
| 导师 | 程国栋 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 |
| 中文摘要 | 城市的起源与形成是一个极其复杂而漫长的过程, 是诸文明要素积累凝聚、从量变到质变的过程。城市的发展受到社会周期性危机演化的影响，呈波浪型曲线向前发展的轨迹。黑河流域的城市经历秦以前的城市萌芽期、两汉时期城镇奠基期、魏晋时期的城镇发展期、南北朝时期的城镇衰落期、隋——中唐以前的城镇重建与发展期、中唐——元朝的城镇再次衰落期、明清时期的城镇再次发展期。发展—衰落—破坏—恢复—发展—衰落—破坏，如此周而复始的循环，成为历史时期城镇发展的一个特点。\n城镇的兴起与发展是诸要素综合作用的结果。在这一变化过程中, 移民屯垦、兴修水利、农牧业的消长与进退、人口迁移与聚集、地缘政治和自然环境的变化是城镇发育与成长的主要驱动力。其中又蕴含了两个相互交错的正负效应:汉民族的西扩——统一的国家——稳定的地缘政治关系——移民屯垦——兴修水利——农业繁荣——气候暖湿——城镇发展；少数民族东进——地方割据——动荡的地缘政治环境——牧业扩张——气候干冷——沙漠化扩大——城镇衰退。其实质是在特定的地理环境和民族分布格局下, 对优势生存空间(绿洲) 的开发与争夺。 |
| 英文摘要 | The origin and development of an urban center is a complex and long process. The towns in Hexi corridor, the Heihe River basin, experienced six major development stages: the city’s germination before Qin Dynasty (206 BC); the foundation period between the epoch of West Han and the East Han; the decline period during the Three Kingdoms and the Sixteen Kingdoms; the second peak in Sui Dynasty and Tang Dynasty; a decline period during Song and Yuan Dynasties; and a booming period in Ming and Qing dynasties. Many factors affected the rise and decline of the urban system in the region. Confined by mountains in the south and desert in the north, Hexi Corridor is a narrow strategic path connecting central and west China. Occupied and surrounded by many nationalities, the ruling power changed hands frequently between Han Chinese from central China and local nationalities as well as among local tribes. No matter who controlled, this region was the frontier during most of the time in history and received large number of stationed troops and immigrant farmers. Given that towns are developed from agglomeration of population settlement instead of nomadic herding, this research reveals that the rise and decline of the historical towns was closely related to the advance and retreat of Han Chinese who were mostly farmers in the region. However, our study also shows that over cultivation and over population caused desertification and abandonment of towns in lower and middle reaches of Heihe River basin. |
| 中文关键词 | 城镇发展 ; 历史过程 ; 驱动机制 ; 黑河流域 |
| 英文关键词 | Town Development Historical Process Drive-mechanism Heihe River basin |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 人文地理学 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/286556 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王录仓. 黑河流域城镇发展的历史过程与驱动机制[D]. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,2007. |
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