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| 吐鲁番人工荒漠红尾沙鼠（Meriones ervthrourus）种群结构与栖息地选择研究 | |
| 其他题名 | Population structure and habitat selection of Red-tailed Gerbil, Meriones erythrourus in the semideserted area of Ibrpan, in Xinjiang |
| 李景俊 | |
| 出版年 | 2005 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 阿布力米提 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 中文摘要 | 2004年4月至2005年4月，对分布在吐鲁番人工荒漠区的红尾沙鼠进行了种群结构和栖息地选择研究。主要结果如下：通过主成分分析（PCA），同时结合客观性和野外可行性分析得出所测270红尾沙鼠标本12项生长指标中的胭体重为划分年龄最具代表性指标，据此将捕获的红尾沙鼠划分为五个年龄组，并对各年龄组的生物学特征进行了描述。其它生长指标中，体重与胭体重间存在最显著相关性。因此在野外条件不具备情况下较适合替代胭体重作为划分年龄的指标。整个种群性比接近1：1。由于种群中成熟个体占优势，预示着种群发展趋势稳定。人工荒漠区红尾沙鼠最适栖息地为分布有梭梭、沙拐枣等旱生和盐生荒摸植物的沙质荒漠，植被密度和盖度相对较低，其间有视野开阔、地势相对平坦的丘间地。此外，由于季节性变化引起的植被盖度和食物丰富度的改变会使得红尾沙'鼠出现季节性迁移。可观察到的红尾沙鼠行为包括取食、警戒、玩耍和争斗等。它们的活动受年龄、食物资源、气候和人为干扰等影响，尤其受气候条件影响强烈。炎热季节会避开高温时段而在清晨和傍晚活动；其余季节则全天活动。避开高温时段活动与减少机体水分散失和体能消耗有关。此外，文中就红尾沙鼠在生态系统中的作用和今后的研究方向作了综合客观评价。以上研究结果可为鼠情监测、沙鼠害防治及荒漠植被保护提供理论和事实依据。 |
| 英文摘要 | Study on population structure and habitat selection of Red-tailed Gerbil, Meriones erythrourus have been carried out in the semideserted area of Turpan, in Xinjiang from April 2004 to April 2005. The main results are as follows: Among twelve grown indexes of Red-tailed Gerbil, body weight excluding viscera is the fittest one for the age identification by the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and measuring the objectivity and the field feasibility. The captured individuals of Red-tailed Gerbil were divided into five age groups( juvenile, sub-adult, adult I, adult II and senior) by making body weight excluding viscera as the age identification index. The biology characteristic of each age group was described in the paper. Body weight is the closest relativity with body weight excluding viscera among the other 11 grown indexes. Hence, body weight can be used as the age identification index substituting body weight excluding viscera when the dissection condition can't be provided in the field. The sex ratio of total population is near 1: 1. The number of the grown-up dominates in the population, which indicates the developing trend is balanced in the short period. The Red-tailed Gerbil prefer to use the sites where are sand-based barren, which have relatively low plant coverage and low densities of desert plant such as Haloxylon sp. and Calligonurn sp., relatively open and plat between the sand dune in the semideserted area. Furthermore, they would move seasonally because the change of vegetation coverage and food abundance aroused by the seasons' change. The observed behavior of Red-tailed Gerbil mainly includes feeding, guarding, playing and combating, et ah Their activities are influenced by age, food resource and man-made disturbance, especially the weather condition. They would come out actively in early morning and in dusk avoiding the high temperature period of a day in the torrid season, which is related with reducing the dissipation of body water and the consumption of body energy. Conversely, they would move out in any time of a day in the other seasons. In the end, the function in the desert ecosystem and the potential study trend of Red-tailed Gerbil were assessed synthetically and objectively. The study outcome mentioned above would provide basic data for the inspection, prevention and cure of rats' disaster and the protection of desert vegetation. |
| 中文关键词 | 红尾沙鼠 ; 种群结构 ; 主成分分析 ; 栖息地选择 ; 活动行为 |
| 英文关键词 | Red-tailed Gerbil (Meriones erythrourus) population structure Principal components analysis habitat selection activity and behavior |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/286436 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 李景俊. 吐鲁番人工荒漠红尾沙鼠（Meriones ervthrourus）种群结构与栖息地选择研究[D]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2005. |
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