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| 培肥对灰漠土土壤酶活性影响的研究 | |
| 其他题名 | The Study of Long-term Fertilizeration on Enzymatic Activities in Gray Desert Soil |
| 周斌 | |
| 出版年 | 2004 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 王周琼 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 中文摘要 | 土壤质量演变机理及调控土壤质量相关技术的研究是国内现代土壤学研究的热点，也是各国政府非常关注的问题。迄今为止，尚没有评价土壤质量的统一标准。不同的土壤类型、不同的土地利用方式，对各指标的要求不一。因此，对土壤质量评价指标的确定，具有重要的理论意义和实际价值。土壤酶作为土壤的一个重要的生物指标，与其它的土壤质量指标（土壤理化性质、作物产量）的关系以及培肥对土壤酶活性的影响是本文研究的核心。本项研究依托中国科学院新疆阜康荒漠生态站，选取本区代表性土壤一灰漠土，通过长期定位试验和田间观测，结合前期工作基础，对不同施肥方式下的土壤酶活性和土壤理化特性进行了定量分析，对比了不同生育期内和长期定位施肥前后土壤的生物特性、化学特性、物理特性变化及不同施肥方式对作物产量的影响，探讨了不同施肥处理对土壤蛋白酶、磷酸酶、脉酶、蔗糖酶活性的影响，以及土壤酶、土壤理化性质和作物产量之间的相互关系，利用SPSS统计软件，选取部分土壤质量评价指标，对不同施肥处理下土壤的质量指标进行了综合评价。通过试验分析和数据处理，得到以下一些初步结论和阶段成果：①经过长期的定位施肥试验，土壤的生物活性（蛋白酶、脉酶、磷酸酶、蔗糖酶活性）和土壤基本肥力水平比试验前有所提高；②不同施肥处理下的土壤酶活性和土壤理化性质存在明显的差异，氮素和有机质含量是制约灰漠土土壤酶活性和影响作物产量的关键因子；③不同生育期内土壤酶的变化分析表明：土壤的全氮、有机质、水解氮含量对蛋白酶、磷酸酶、脉酶、蔗糖酶活性影响最大；④通过对土壤酶活性、土壤理化性质和作物产量的相关分析和显著性检验，认为蛋白酶、磷酸酶、脉酶和蔗糖酶活性可以作为评价灰漠土土壤质量的指标；⑤从因子分析的结果看，配施有机肥和加大施肥量处理的综合得分比较高，这个评价和逐项的土壤酶与土壤理化特性的分析结果是吻合的。 |
| 英文摘要 | The mechanism of soil quality evolution and its management is the hot spot of in modern soil science research in china .more and more country have paid attention to it . Soil quality is evaluated separately for each individual soil using soil quality indicators that reflect changes in the capacity of the soil to function. Information about soil chemical and physical properties can be used to answer the following questions about the relationship between the soil enzyme and soil quality, we choose the Grey desert soil as the objective to study the dynamic of soil enzyme , which located in the Desert- Ecology station of FuKang. studies on the dynamical changes of soil enzyme soil chemical and physical properties during the winter wheat growth, comparing the soil changes under different fertilizer through long-term located experiment. The result shows: 1 the main nutrient contents and soil enzyme activities is increased with the fertilizer added . 2 soil enzyme, soil chemical and physical properties have evident difference among different fertilizer treatments,.Nitrogen and soil organic among control factors for soil enzyme and the yield of wheat in Grey desert soil. 3 the variation of enzyme during the winter wheat growth shows: soil organic, soil total nitrogen and available nitrogen have obvious effect on soil Proteinase activity, Phosphatase activity , Urease activity, Invertase activity, 4 there are significant correlation among soil enzyme,soil chemical and physical properties and the yield of wheat, soil Proteinase activity, Phosphatase activity , Urease activity, Invertase activity, which suggested that the activity of soil enzyme can be indicator of Grey desert soil quality. 5 The Factor analysis made by SPSS shows that combination application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer are superior to single chemical fertilizer in improving the activities of soil enzyme and nutrient. |
| 中文关键词 | 土壤酶 ; 灰漠土 ; 土壤质量指标 ; 培肥 |
| 英文关键词 | soil enzymatic activity Grey-desert soil soil quality indicators improving soil fertility |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/286385 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 周斌. 培肥对灰漠土土壤酶活性影响的研究[D]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2004. |
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