Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 首都圈沙尘天气与荒漠化研究 | |
| 其他题名 | Dust Problems of the Capital Circle and Chinese Desertification Researches |
| 陈玉福 | |
| 出版年 | 2003 |
| 学位类型 | 博士 |
| 导师 | 唐立松 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 |
| 中文摘要 | 沙尘天气是我国北方地区频发且危害严重的一大环境问题，它的发生是由该区的气候和下垫面条件所决定的。本研究对首都圈地区11个气象基本站和基准站近50年来气候资料的分析发现，多数站点沙尘暴和沙尘天气呈显著下降的趋势，少数站点是持平。在气候因素中，大风天气日数是影响沙尘暴和沙尘天气日数的主要气候因素；同时，一个地区的沙尘暴和沙尘天气日数还受其邻近地区的气候因素和天气条件的影响。由于土地荒漠化必将使下垫面状况有利于沙尘天气的发生，因而防治荒漠化被作为应对沙尘天气的主要对策。目前，我国荒漠化研究支离破碎，缺乏系统全面的规划。存在的主要问题是：1）概念不清和缺乏翔实可靠的数据与监测技术，致使我们对荒漠化现状的认识不清，尤其是关于荒漠化的空间格局，知之甚少；2）在荒漠化成因方面，仅停留在过度人类活动导致荒漠化的一般性认识上，对其深层的根本原因和具体机制缺乏深入剖析；3）由于缺乏对荒漠化现状、格局与成因的精确把握，使得荒漠化防治往往事倍功半。为此，今后应加强基础数据的获取与共享、多学科间的合作、荒漠化诊断与监测技术、土地质量评价等方面的研究工作。针对“沙尘暴和荒漠化问题，采取长期的生态可持续发展的政策和建立一个包含自然和社会经济方面的科学研究计划，势在必行。 |
| 英文摘要 | Dust weather is an environmental problem that occurs frequently and can cause severe harm in north China. Its occurrence is determined by the climate and ground conditions of this area. The dust days in the capital circle (the area surrounding Beijing) were not on the increase but significantly decreased in most meteorological stations. Strong wind days were most closely related to dust days. Meantime, dust days in one area were related to the climate and weather of its neighboring areas. Desertification control was considered as the main countermeasure against dust weather in that land desertification inevitably made ground conditions favor dust weather. To date, desertification researches in China were discrete and lacked systematic and integrated programming. The main problems were: 1) ambiguity in the desertification concept and lack of accurate and credible data and monitoring techniques, which prevented us\nfrom understanding the desertification status, esp. the spatial pattern of desertification; 2) a superficial knowledge of desertification causes; 3) a limited success in the\ndesertification control was gained due to lack of exact understanding of the status, pattern and causes of desertification in north China. Thus, the following aspects,\ncollection and share of basic data, interdisdiplinary cooperation, desertification diagnosis and monitoring, and land quality assessment, should be emphasized in the\nfuture. It was suggested that a policy of long-term ecologically sustainable development strategies be needed as well as a scientific research initiative combining biophysical and socio-economic aspects. |
| 中文关键词 | 首都圈 ; 沙尘暴 ; 荒漠化 ; 气候变化 ; 人类活动 |
| 英文关键词 | Dust storms desertification climatic change human activities capital circle |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/286315 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 陈玉福. 首都圈沙尘天气与荒漠化研究[D]. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,2003. |
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