Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 大气边界层和陆面过程的模拟和观测 | |
| 其他题名 | Simulations and Observations of Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Land Surface -Atmosphere Interactions |
| 杜岳 | |
| 出版年 | 2002 |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 李家春 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院力学研究所 |
| 中文摘要 | 大气边界层和陆面过程是环境问题的重要组成部分。本文从三个方面对大气边界层和陆面过程进行了研究。首先应用大涡模拟方法，模拟了植被层湍流。这部分内容是在原有工作基础上开展的。在本论文中，增加了水汽输运方程，并且．改进了植被模型。所得结果包括平均量，湍流统计量（剪应力、偏斜度、平坦度等），水热通量，与观测结果进行比较，符合较好。在此基础上，通过改变植被顶部的辐射量以及叶面积指数，模拟了不同条件下的流动，从而对植被层湍流有个更深入的认识。另外，在计算结果中，也发现了已经由现场观测到的大涡下扫结构和温度斜坡型。这些湍流相干结构进一步印证了Raupach（1996）的观点：植被层湍流在某种意义上是一种混合层的比拟。在第一部分工作的基础上，我们进行了防风林带湍流的模拟。我们在方程中加入动量、能量、质量的源汇项，以此模拟植被与大气之间的相互作用。与传统的将防风林简化为多孔介质障碍物的方法相比，我们的模型更加合理。得到了包括风速、湍流强度、虚位温、湿度等一系列物理量的水平和垂直分布。与实验进行了比较，结果比较满意。在最后，我们通过现场实验和数值模拟，研究了沙坡头人工植被区的结皮层对土壤水分入渗的影响。在数值模拟中，使用的是一个一维的大气-植被-土壤祸合模式。计算结果与实验数据符合较好，可以合理地解释人工植被区的植被演替，为当地治理沙漠提供了科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要 | Atmospheric boundary layer and land surface-atmosphere interactions play an important role in the research of environmental problems, of which three aspects are investigated in the present thesis. At first, the large eddy simulation for canopy turbulent flow based on the work of Li and Xie (1999) is carried out with the transport equation of humidity added and the vegetation layer model improved. The results of mean value, statistics (such as shear stress, skewness, kurtosis) and fluxes of heat and humidity are obtained. The results are proved in good agreement with observations. In order to have an in-depth insight into canopy turbulent flows, the flows under different conditions by changing the net-radiation on the top of canopy and the leaf area index are simulated. Furthermore, the results reveal the coherent structure such as the down-burst of large eddies and the temperature ramp previously observed by field experiments. So the results further support the hypothesis of canopy-mixing layer analogy proposed by Raupach(1996). On the basis of the work in the first part, turbulent flows around shelterbelts are simulated, accounting for the interaction between canopy and atmosphere by assuming the forest as source or sink terms of energy, momentum and humidity. And this model is more appropriate than that by simplifying the shelterbelt as a porous medium. The horizontal and vertical profiles of wind speed, turbulence intensities, virtual potential temperature and specific humidity are yielded in good agreement with observations. Finally, the influence of crust skin layer on the water infiltration into the soil in the Shapotou artificially vegetated area, is studied by numerical simulation and field experiments. A one-dimensional, multi-layered coupling model is proposed. The results of simulation have exhibited good agreement with the results of observation. And the results can also explain the succession of vegetation planted in the area and provide scientific basis for combating desertification. |
| 中文关键词 | 大气边界层 ; 陆面过程 ; 植被层湍流 ; 大涡模拟 ; 防风林带 ; 结皮层 |
| 英文关键词 | atmospheric boundary layer land surface-atmosphere interaction canopy turbulent flow large eddy simulation shelterbelt crust skin layer |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院力学研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/286303 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 杜岳. 大气边界层和陆面过程的模拟和观测[D]. 中国科学院力学研究所,2002. |
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