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西藏拉萨地区土利利用/土地覆被时空变化分析研究
其他题名Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Landuse/Land Cover Changes in Lhasa Area, Tibet
除多
出版年2002
学位类型博士
导师刘燕华
学位授予单位中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
中文摘要人类为了自身的生存和发展对土地的开发利用引起的土地覆被的变化己成为全球环境变化的重要组成部分和气候变化的主要原因之一。只有在充分分析和掌握土地利用／土地覆被时空演变趋势以及引起这些变化的各种自然和社会经济因素的前提下才能解决人一地之间日益突出的矛盾，最终实现土地利用的可持续发展。本文以土地利用和土地覆被变化为研究主线，以GIS为核心技术，引入生态环境综合分类的概念和分类方法，基于多期土地利用现状和土地覆被遥感数据结合大比例尺数字高程数据以及其他生态环境背景数据和社会经济数据为信息源，利用各种模型和方法，详尽分析西藏拉萨地区土地利用／土地覆被现状、土地利用／土地覆被类型的空间格局及其时空演变和未来的变化趋势、地形地貌的空间格局、生态环境的综合分类及土地利用变化的驱动力，并将所有的空间和属性数据集成到桌面地理信息系统中，初步建立了西藏拉萨地区资源环境信息系统。（1）土地利用现状与动态变化研究根据2000年土地利用现状遥感调查，拉萨地区的土地总面积是44293357.8亩，占全自治区土地总面积的2.45％，其中耕地1050331.6亩，占全地区土地总面积的2.37％，林地1632847.5亩，占3.69％，牧草地31662649.2亩，占71.48％，未利用土地7475953.5亩，占16.89％。1990年至2000年拉萨地区的土地利用类型的面积发生了一定的变化，其中变化最为显著的是牧草地和林地，其中10年间河谷地区的牧草地是面积减幅最大的一类，林地是面积增幅最大的一类类型，土地利用类型面积转移最大的是河谷山地草原草地向人工林地的转变，这与旨在改变区域生态环境的西藏\
英文摘要Land-use and land-cover change plays a pivotal role in global environmental change. It contributes significantly to earth-atmosphere interactions and biodiversity loss, is a major factor in sustainable development and human responses to global change, and is important to integrated modelling and assessment of environmental issues in general. Human induced conversions of land cover and changes in land use have important consequences for natural resources through impacts on soil and water quality, biodiversity, and global climate systems. Based on the information system on natural resources for Lhasa area, Tibetan Platea, spatial and temporal dynamics of Landuse and Land cover in Lhasa area were systematically and comprehensively analyzed in this paper using GIS and remote sensing technologies. Main conclusions are as follows: (1) Information system on natural resources for Lhasa area Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide an effective tool for analysis of patterns and causes of landuse dynamics while remote sensing provides natural resources information at different time scale. Information system for Lhasa area was established using GIS and remote sensing technologies. The system include geo-referenced data such as landuse and its dynamic map, land cover , Digital Elevation Model(DEM), remotely sensed data at different resolutions, and other attribute data such as population and other social data. This information is then applied to attain more knowledge by creating secondary layers, e.g., on the topography (aspect, slope gradient), elevation zones, climate (temperature, precipitation, Potential Evapourtranspiration). (2) Landuse status and dynamic changes in Lhasa area. landuse dynamic changes from 1990 to 2000 were analyzed systematically on basis of the information system using GIS and remote sensing technologies. Result shows that there are 8 different types of landuse, including cultivated land, garden, forestland, grassland, resident land, transportation land, water body, and bare land. Among them, the grassland as a dominated landuse type in this area, it covers 71.48% of the total area. The second largest landuse type is bare land, which is 16.88% of total area. The other landuse type such as cultivated land (2.37%), garden (0.01%), forestland (3.69%), resident land (0.30%), transportation land (0.02%) and water body (5.25%) cover a few percentage of total area. (3 ) Spatial pattern of Landuse types Lhasa is situated in the central part of Tibetan plateau named as \
中文关键词土地利用土地覆被变化 ; 土地利用空间格局 ; 生态环境综合分类 ; 傅立叶变换 ; 地理信息系统 ; 遥感 ; 资源环境信息系统 ; 西藏高原 ; 拉萨地区
英文关键词Spatial Temporal Landuse/Land Cover Change Spatial Pattern of Landuse Types Environmental Evaluation NOAA AVHRR Discrete Fourier Transform GIS RS Information System on Natural Resources Tibetan Plateau Lhasa Area
语种中文
国家中国
来源机构中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
资源类型学位论文
条目标识符http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/286288
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714		 除多. 西藏拉萨地区土利利用/土地覆被时空变化分析研究[D]. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,2002.
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