Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| 科尔沁沙地退化生态系统植被恢复与重建机制的研究 | |
| 曹成有 | |
| 出版年 | 2000 |
| 学位类型 | 博士 |
| 导师 | 姜凤岐 |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 |
| 中文摘要 | 以科尔沁沙地为研究对象，通过大量的野外调查、室内分析和资料收集，从恢复生态学的观点出发，对科尔沁沙地植被退化的原因、生态教程以及植被恢复的生态过程进行了全面系统的研究。采用冗余理论和多样性理论对沙地人工植物群落的补偿和稳定性机制进行了创新性研究，首次提出并建立了科尔沁沙地干扰体系。分析了科尔沁沙地退化过程中主要植物群落组成、结构物种多样性、种群分布格局和生态位变化规律并分析了土壤理化性质以及小气候的变化特征。阐述了沙地退化植被恢复与重建的原则及技术措施。选择典型样地对丘间地植被自然发生、发展过程及围栏封育条件下植被自然恢复过程进行了研究。揭示了人工固沙群落植被自然发育、土壤养分和小气候的变化规律。研究了沙地人工植物群落更新繁殖、对大气干旱和反应以及对牲畜啃食的补偿效应，并重点分析了沙地植物群落的冗余结构及其与补偿和群落稳定性的关系。应用恢复生态学基本原理提出了科尔沁沙地植被恢复与重建的方向和模式，论述了科尔沁沙地综合防治与合理开发利用的途径和主要模式。本文的研究将为我国北方荒漠化地区的综合防治与生态建设提供理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要 | Taking Keerqin sandy land as the research object, the reasons and ecological process of degradation and vegetation restoration process were studied in detail in this paper. With the redundancy and diversity theories adopted, the innovational studies on compensation and mechanism of stability of artificial community were carried out, and disturbance system of Keerqin sandy land was put forward and established for the first time. Climate changes of Keerqin sandy land, characteristics of human activities and the relations between the both and desertification were analyzed. Species composition, structure, species diversity, and distribution pattern and niche of populations of main communities in the process of desertification of Keerqin sandly land were studied, and the changes of physical and chemical properties of soil and microclimate were also analyzed. The natural development process of vegetation in interdune and in artificial sand-fixing community was studied. The variation of soil nutrient and microclimate after moving sand dune being fixed was described. Characteristics of regeneration, redundancy structure, response to atmospheric drought and compensation to animal grazing of artificial community in sandy land were studied. The directions and models of vegetation restoration and synthetic prevention and control of desertification of Keerqin sandy land were submitted according to the fundamentals of restoration ecology. |
| 中文关键词 | 科尔沁沙地 ; 退化生态系统 ; 退化过程 ; 恢复过程 ; 人工群落稳定性 ; 冗余 ; 恢复模式 |
| 英文关键词 | Keerqin sandy land degraded ecosystem degradation process restoration process stability of artificial community redundancy restoration model |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 国家 | 中国 |
| 来源机构 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/286254 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 曹成有. 科尔沁沙地退化生态系统植被恢复与重建机制的研究[D]. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,2000. |
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