干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): On the Path to SunShot - The Environmental and Public Health Benefits of Achieving High Penetrations of Solar Energy in the United States

Arid

DOI	10.2172/1344200
报告编号	NREL/TP--6A20-65628 LBNL--1004373
来源ID	OSTI_ID: 1344200
	On the Path to SunShot - The Environmental and Public Health Benefits of Achieving High Penetrations of Solar Energy in the United States
	Wiser, Ryan [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)]; Mai, Trieu [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]; Millstein, Dev [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)]; Macknick, Jordan [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]; Carpenter, Alberta [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]; Cohen, Stuart [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]; Cole, Wesley [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]; Frew, Bethany [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]; Heath, Garvin [National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]
英文摘要	Monetizing the environmental health benefits of solar could add ~3.5垄/kWh to the value of solar energy (see Wiser et al. 2016). The monetary impacts due to environmental degradation and public health impacts seem far removed from the apparent 鈥渟ticker price鈥?of electricity. Yet quantifying these impacts is essential to understanding the true costs and benefits of solar and conventional generating technologies. Compared with fossil fuel generators, PV and CSP produce far lower lifecycle levels of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and harmful pollutants including fine particular matter (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Achieving the SunShot-level solar deployment targets鈥?4% of U.S. electricity demand met by solar in 2030 and 27% in 2050鈥攃ould reduce cumulative power-sector GHG emissions by 10% between 2015 and 2050, resulting in savings of $238鈥?252 billion. This is equivalent to 2.0鈥?.2 cents per kilowatt-hour of solar installed (垄/kWh-solar). Similarly, realizing these levels of solar deployment could reduce cumulative power-sector emissions of PM2.5 by 8%, SO2 by 9%, and NOx by 11% between 2015 and 2050. This could produce $167 billion in savings from lower future health and environmental damages, or 1.4垄/kWh-solar鈥攚hile also preventing 25,000鈥?9,000 premature deaths. To put this in perspective, the estimated 3.5垄/kWh-solar in benefits due to SunShot-level solar deployment is approximately equal to the additional LCOE reduction needed to make unsubsidized utility-scale solar competitive with conventional generators today. In addition, water savings from achieving the SunShot goals, could result in the 2015鈥?050 cumulative savings of 4% of total power-sector withdrawals and 9% of total power-sector consumption鈥攁 particularly important consideration for arid states where substantial solar will be deployed. Improving public health and the environment is but one aspect of solar鈥檚 many costs and benefits. Clearly, however, the assignment of value
出版年	2016
报告类型	Technical Report
语种	英语
国家	美国
来源学科分类	14 SOLAR ENERGY solar ; public health ; environmental effects ; high penetration
URL	http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/1344200
资源类型	科技报告
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/271312
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wiser, Ryan [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. ,Mai, Trieu [National Renewable Energy Lab. ,Millstein, Dev [Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. ,et al. On the Path to SunShot - The Environmental and Public Health Benefits of Achieving High Penetrations of Solar Energy in the United States,2016.