干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Development of a hydrogen generator for fuel cells based on the partial oxidation of methane

Arid

DOI	10.2172/460335
报告编号	CONF-961107--Absts.
来源ID	OSTI_ID: 460335
	Development of a hydrogen generator for fuel cells based on the partial oxidation of methane
	Recupero, V.; Torre, T.; Saija, G.; Fiordano, N. [Institute CNR-TAE, Lucia, Messina (Italy)]
英文摘要	As well known, the most acknowledged process for generation of hydrogen for fuel cells is based upon the steam reforming of methane or natural gas (SRM). The reaction is endothermic ({Delta}H{sub 298}= 206 kJ/mole) and high H{sub 2}O/CH{sub 4} ratios are required in order to limit coke formation at T higher than 1000 K. Moreover, it is a common practice that the process`s fuel economy is highly sensitive to proper heat fluxes and reactor design (tubular type) and to operational conditions. Efficient heat recovery can be accomplished only on large scale units (> 40,000 Nm{sup 3}/h), far from the range of interest of {open_quotes}on-site{close_quotes} fuel cells. Even if, to fit the needs of the fuel cell technology, medium sized external reforming units (50-200 Nm{sup 3} H{sub 2}/h) have been developed and/or planned for integration with both the first and the second generation fuel cells, amelioration in their heat recovery and efficiency is at the expense of an increased sophistication and therefore at higher per unit costs. In all cases, SRM requires an extra {open_quotes}fuel{close_quotes} supply (to substain the endothermicity of the reaction) in addition to stoichiometric requirements ({open_quotes}feed{close_quotes} gas). A valid alternative could be a process based on catalytic partial oxidation of CH{sub 4} (CSPOM), since the process is mildly exothermic ({Delta}H{sub 298}= -35.6 kJ/mole) and therefore not energy intensive. Consequently, great interest is expected from conversion of methane into syngas, if an autothermal, low energy intensive, compact and reliable process could be developed.
出版年	1996
报告类型	Technical Report
语种	英语
国家	美国
来源学科分类	30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION ; 08 HYDROGEN FUEL ; HYDROGEN FUEL CELLS ; DESIGN ; METHANE ; PARTIAL OXIDATION PROCESSES ; NICKEL ; CATALYTIC EFFECTS ; HYDROGEN PRODUCTION ; THERMODYNAMICS ; OXYGEN ; FLOW MODELS ; SERVICE LIFE
URL	http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/460335
资源类型	科技报告
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/267011
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Recupero, V.,Torre, T.,Saija, G.,et al. Development of a hydrogen generator for fuel cells based on the partial oxidation of methane,1996.