干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): The integration of renewable energy sources into electric power distribution systems. Volume 2, Utility case assessments

Arid

DOI	10.2172/10170818
报告编号	ORNL--6775/V2
来源ID	OSTI_ID: 10170818
	The integration of renewable energy sources into electric power distribution systems. Volume 2, Utility case assessments
	Zaininger, H.W.; Ellis, P.R.; Schaefer, J.C. [Zaininger Engineering Co., San Jose, CA (United States)]
英文摘要	Electric utility distribution system impacts associated with the integration of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaics (PV) and wind turbines (WT) are considered in this project. The impacts are expected to vary from site to site according to the following characteristics: (1) The local solar insolation and/or wind characteristics; (2) renewable energy source penetration level; (3) whether battery or other energy storage systems are applied; and (4) local utility distribution design standards and planning practices. Small, distributed renewable energy sources are connected to the utility distribution system like other, similar kW- and MW-scale equipment and loads. Residential applications are expected to be connected to single-phase 120/240-V secondaries. Larger kw-scale applications may be connected to three-phase secondaries, and larger hundred-kW and MW-scale applications, such as MW-scale windfarms or PV plants, may be connected to electric utility primary systems via customer-owned primary and secondary collection systems. Small, distributed renewable energy sources installed on utility distribution systems will also produce nonsite-specific utility generation system benefits such as energy and capacity displacement benefits, in addition to the local site-specific distribution system benefits. Although generation system benefits are not site-specific, they are utility-specific, and they vary significantly among utilities in different regions. In addition, transmission system benefits, environmental benefits and other benefits may apply. These benefits also vary significantly among utilities and regions. Seven utility case studies considering PV, WT, and battery storage were conducted to identify a range of potential renewable energy source distribution system applications.
出版年	1994
报告类型	Technical Report
语种	英语
国家	美国
来源学科分类	29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY AND ECONOMY ; RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES ; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS ; INSOLATION ; WIND POWER ; POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS ; ELECTRIC UTILITIES ; LOAD MANAGEMENT ; ECONOMICS 296000 ; 299000 ; ELECTRIC POWER ; UNCONVENTIONAL SOURCES AND POWER GENERATION
URL	http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/10170818
资源类型	科技报告
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/265673
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zaininger, H.W.,Ellis, P.R.,Schaefer, J.C. [Zaininger Engineering Co., San Jose, CA . The integration of renewable energy sources into electric power distribution systems. Volume 2, Utility case assessments,1994.