Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| DOI | 10.2172/6291317 |
| 报告编号 | UCRL-LR-113891 |
| 来源ID | OSTI_ID: 6291317 |
| Pilot study risk assessment for selected problems at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) | |
| Daniels, J.I. (ed.) | |
| 英文摘要 | The Nevada Test Site (NTS) is located in southwestern Nevada, about 105 km (65 mi) northwest of the city of Las Vegas. A series of tests was conducted in the late 1950s and early 1960s at or near the NTS to study issues involving plutonium-bearing devices. These tests resulted in the dispersal of about 5 TBq of [sup 239,24O]Pu on the surficial soils at the test locations. Additionally, underground tests of nuclear weapons devices have been conducted at the NTS since late 1962; ground water beneath the NTS has been contaminated with radionuclides produced by these tests. These two important problems have been selected for assessment. Regarding the plutonium contamination, because the residual [sup 239]Pu decays slowly (half-life of 24,110 y), these sites could represent a long-term hazard if they are not remediated and if institutional controls are lost. To investigate the magnitude of the potential health risks for this no-remediation case, three basic exposure scenarios were defined that could bring individuals in contact with [sup 239,24O]Pu at the sites: (1) a resident living in a subdivision, (2) a resident farmer, and (3) a worker at a commercial facility -- all located at a test site. The predicted cancer risks for the resident farmer were more than a factor of three times higher than the suburban resident at the median risk level, and about a factor of ten greater than the reference worker at a commercial facility. At 100 y from the present, the 5, 50, and 95th percentile risks for the resident farmer at the most contaminated site were 4 x 10[sup [minus]6], 6 x 10[sup [minus]5], and 5 x 10[sup [minus]4], respectively. For the assessment of Pu in surface soil, the principal sources of uncertainty in the estimated risks were population mobility, the relationship between indoor and outdoor contaminant levels, and the dose and risk factors for bone, liver, and lung. |
| 出版年 | 1993 |
| 报告类型 | Technical Report |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 国家 | 美国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ; 45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEFENSE ; GROUND WATER ; CONTAMINATION ; HUMAN POPULATIONS ; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE PATHWAY ; PLUTONIUM ; CARCINOGENESIS ; RADIONUCLIDE MIGRATION ; PUBLIC HEALTH ; RISK ASSESSMENT ; SOILS ; SURFACE CONTAMINATION ; CUEX ; HALF-LIFE ; LIFETIME ; MORTALITY ; NEVADA TEST SITE ; NUCLEAR WEAPONS ; TRITIUM ; UNDERGROUND EXPLOSIONS ; ACTINIDES ; BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES ; BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES ; DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES ; ELEMENTS ; ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT ; EXPLOSIONS ; HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS ; HYDROGEN ISOTOPES ; ISOTOPES ; LIGHT NUCLEI ; MASS TRANSFER ; METALS ; NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ; NUCLEI ; ODD-EVEN NUCLEI ; OXYGEN COMPOUNDS ; PATHOGENESIS ; POPULATIONS ; RADIOISOTOPES ; TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS ; US DOE ; US ORGANIZATIONS ; WATER ; WEAPONS ; YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES 540250* -- Environment, Terrestrial-- Site Resource & Use Studies-- (1990-) ; 450200 -- Military Technology, Weaponry, & National Defense-- Nuclear Explosions & Explosives |
| URL | http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/6291317 |
| 资源类型 | 科技报告 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/265162 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Daniels, J.I. . Pilot study risk assessment for selected problems at the Nevada Test Site (NTS),1993. |
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