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| DOI | 10.2172/6525980 |
| 报告编号 | ORNL/TM-10289 |
| 来源ID | OSTI_ID: 6525980 |
| A proposed classification system for high-level and other radioactive wastes | |
| Kocher, D. C.; Croff, A. G. | |
| 英文摘要 | This report presents a proposal for quantitative and generally applicable risk-based definitions of high-level and other radioactive wastes. On the basis of historical descriptions and definitions of high-level waste (HLW), in which HLW has been defined in terms of its source as waste from reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel, we propose a more general definition based on the concept that HLW has two distinct attributes: HLW is (1) highly radioactive and (2) requires permanent isolation. This concept leads to a two-dimensional waste classification system in which one axis, related to ''requires permanent isolation,'' is associated with long-term risks from waste disposal and the other axis, related to ''highly radioactive,'' is associated with shorter-term risks due to high levels of decay heat and external radiation. We define wastes that require permanent isolation as wastes with concentrations of radionuclides exceeding the Class-C limits that are generally acceptable for near-surface land disposal, as specified in the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission's rulemaking 10 CFR Part 61 and its supporting documentation. HLW then is waste requiring permanent isolation that also is highly radioactive, and we define ''highly radioactive'' as a decay heat (power density) in the waste greater than 50 W/m/sup 3/ or an external radiation dose rate at a distance of 1 m from the waste greater than 100 rem/h (1 Sv/h), whichever is the more restrictive. This proposal also results in a definition of Transuranic (TRU) Waste and Equivalent as waste that requires permanent isolation but is not highly radioactive and a definition of low-level waste (LLW) as waste that does not require permanent isolation without regard to whether or not it is highly radioactive. |
| 出版年 | 1987 |
| 报告类型 | Technical Report |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 国家 | 美国 |
| 来源学科分类 | 12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES ; HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTES ; CLASSIFICATION ; RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISPOSAL ; RECOMMENDATIONS ; RISK ASSESSMENT ; RADIOACTIVE WASTES ; ALPHA-BEARING WASTES ; CONTAINERS ; FUEL REPROCESSING PLANTS ; GAMMA RADIATION ; NUCLEAR WASTE POLICY ACTS ; POWER DENSITY ; REGULATIONS ; SPENT FUELS ; UNDERGROUND DISPOSAL ; US EPA ; US NRC ; VITRIFICATION ; WASTE FORMS ; WIPP ; ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ; ENERGY SOURCES ; FUELS ; FUNCTIONAL MODELS ; IONIZING RADIATIONS ; LAWS ; MANAGEMENT ; MATERIALS ; NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ; NUCLEAR FACILITIES ; NUCLEAR FUELS ; PILOT PLANTS ; RADIATIONS ; RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS ; RADIOACTIVE WASTE FACILITIES ; REACTOR MATERIALS ; UNDERGROUND FACILITIES ; US DOE ; US ORGANIZATIONS ; WASTE DISPOSAL ; WASTE MANAGEMENT ; WASTES 052002* -- Nuclear Fuels-- Waste Disposal & Storage |
| URL | http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/6525980 |
| 资源类型 | 科技报告 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/263918 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Kocher, D. C.,Croff, A. G.. A proposed classification system for high-level and other radioactive wastes,1987. |
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