干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Characterization of the Hanford 300 area burial grounds. Task IV. Biological transport

Arid

DOI	10.2172/5699771
报告编号	PNL-2774
来源ID	OSTI_ID: 5699771
	Characterization of the Hanford 300 area burial grounds. Task IV. Biological transport
	Fitzner, R.E.; Gano, K.A.; Rickard, W.H.; Rogers, L.E.
英文摘要	The characteristics of radioactive waste burial sites at the 300 area burial grounds on the Department of Energy's Hanford Site, southeastern Washington were studied. The potential vectors of radionuclide transport studied were vegetation and animals. The overall results showed a low potential for uptake and transport of radionuclides from the 300 area sites. However, additional methods to control physical and biological mechanisms may contribute to the effectiveness of waste burial practices. From the results, the Biological Transport task recommended field studies which include reduction of soil erosion and addition of biobarriers to plants and animals. Vegetation plays a major role in reducing soil erosion, and thereby maintaining the backfill over the burial sites. Of the several species found on the 300 area sites, cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) appears to be the most desirable as a cover. Besides retarding erosion, it has a shallow root system (does not easily penetrate buried material); it has a low affinity for radionuclide uptake; and its tissues are not easily blown away. Small mammals (specifically, mice) appear to have the most potential for radionuclide exposure and uptake. Small mammals were live-trapped within 10 x 10-meter trap grids. Each animal trapped was surgically implanted with a thermoluminescent dosimeter. When the animal was recaptured, the dosimeter was removed and read for exposure. Exposures were reported in milli-Roentgens. The most consistently trapped small mammals were the Great Basin pocket mouse (Perognathus parvus) and the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus). Results from the dosimeter readings showed that some of those animals had higher than background exposures. Biobarriers to animals could be considered as a mechanism to reduce the potential for radionuclide transport.
出版年	1979
报告类型	Technical Report
语种	英语
国家	美国
来源学科分类	11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS ; 12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES ; 54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ; HANFORD RESERVATION ; RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISPOSAL ; RADIONUCLIDE MIGRATION ; UNDERGROUND DISPOSAL ; RADIOACTIVE WASTE FACILITIES ; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ; RADIOACTIVE WASTES ; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE PATHWAY ; ANIMALS ; ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT ; EROSION ; GRASS ; MAMMALS ; MICE ; PLANTS ; RADIATION DOSES ; RADIOISOTOPES ; SOILS ; UPTAKE ; DOSES ; ISOTOPES ; MANAGEMENT ; MASS TRANSFER ; NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ; NUCLEAR FACILITIES ; RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS ; RODENTS ; US DOE ; US ERDA ; US ORGANIZATIONS ; VERTEBRATES ; WASTE DISPOSAL ; WASTE MANAGEMENT ; WASTES 053000* -- Nuclear Fuels-- Environmental Aspects ; 052002 -- Nuclear Fuels-- Waste Disposal & Storage ; 510302 -- Environment, Terrestrial-- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport-- Terrestrial Ecosystems & Food Chains-- (-1987)
URL	http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/5699771
资源类型	科技报告
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/262478
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Fitzner, R.E.,Gano, K.A.,Rickard, W.H.,et al. Characterization of the Hanford 300 area burial grounds. Task IV. Biological transport,1979.