干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Reimagining liquid transportation fuels : sunshine to petrol.

Arid

DOI	10.2172/1035344
报告编号	SAND2012-0307
来源ID	OSTI_ID: 1035344
	Reimagining liquid transportation fuels : sunshine to petrol.
	Johnson, Terry Alan (Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA); Hogan, Roy E., Jr.; McDaniel, Anthony H. (Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA); Siegel, Nathan Phillip; Dedrick, Daniel E. (Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA); Stechel, Ellen Beth; Diver, Richard B., Jr.; Miller, James Edward; Allendorf, Mark D. (Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA); Ambrosini, Andrea; Coker, Eric Nicholas; Staiger, Chad Lynn; Chen, Ken Shuang; Ermanoski, Ivan; Kellog, Gary L.
英文摘要	Two of the most daunting problems facing humankind in the twenty-first century are energy security and climate change. This report summarizes work accomplished towards addressing these problems through the execution of a Grand Challenge LDRD project (FY09-11). The vision of Sunshine to Petrol is captured in one deceptively simple chemical equation: Solar Energy + xCO{sub 2} + (x+1)H{sub 2}O {yields} C{sub x}H{sub 2x+2}(liquid fuel) + (1.5x+.5)O{sub 2} Practical implementation of this equation may seem far-fetched, since it effectively describes the use of solar energy to reverse combustion. However, it is also representative of the photosynthetic processes responsible for much of life on earth and, as such, summarizes the biomass approach to fuels production. It is our contention that an alternative approach, one that is not limited by efficiency of photosynthesis and more directly leads to a liquid fuel, is desirable. The development of a process that efficiently, cost effectively, and sustainably reenergizes thermodynamically spent feedstocks to create reactive fuel intermediates would be an unparalleled achievement and is the key challenge that must be surmounted to solve the intertwined problems of accelerating energy demand and climate change. We proposed that the direct thermochemical conversion of CO{sub 2} and H{sub 2}O to CO and H{sub 2}, which are the universal building blocks for synthetic fuels, serve as the basis for this revolutionary process. To realize this concept, we addressed complex chemical, materials science, and engineering problems associated with thermochemical heat engines and the crucial metal-oxide working-materials deployed therein. By project's end, we had demonstrated solar-driven conversion of CO{sub 2} to CO, a key energetic synthetic fuel intermediate, at 1.7% efficiency.
出版年	2012
报告类型	Technical Report
语种	英语
国家	美国
来源学科分类	09 BIOMASS FUELS ; 10 SYNTHETIC FUELS ; 14 SOLAR ENERGY ; BIOMASS ; CLIMATES ; EFFICIENCY ; ENERGY DEMAND ; ENERGY SECURITY ; HEAT ENGINES ; IMPLEMENTATION ; LIQUID FUELS ; PHOTOSYNTHESIS ; PRODUCTION ; REVERSE COMBUSTION ; SOLAR ENERGY ; SYNTHETIC FUELS
URL	http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/1035344
资源类型	科技报告
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/260617
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Johnson, Terry Alan ,Hogan, Roy E., Jr.,McDaniel, Anthony H. ,et al. Reimagining liquid transportation fuels : sunshine to petrol.,2012.